What are the causes of decay of handicrafts industry ?
Answers
Before the beginning of Industrial Revolution in England, the East India Company concentrated on the export of Indian manufactured goods, textiles, spices, etc., to Europe where these articles were in great demand. But the Industrial Revolution reversed the face of Indian’s foreign trade. Tremendous expansion of productive capacity of manufactures resulted in increased demand of raw materials for British industry and the need to capture foreign markets. Following principal causes that led to the decay of handicrafts were as follows:-
Before the beginning of Industrial Revolution in England, the East India Company concentrated on the export of Indian manufactured goods, textiles, spices, etc., to Europe where these articles were in great demand. But the Industrial Revolution reversed the face of Indian’s foreign trade. Tremendous expansion of productive capacity of manufactures resulted in increased demand of raw materials for British industry and the need to capture foreign markets. Following principal causes that led to the decay of handicrafts were as follows:-1)Disappearance of Princely courts: The growth of industries is only possible due to patronage of nawabs, princes, rajas & emperors who ruled in India. The British rule meant the disappearance of this patronage enjoyed by the handicrafts. Cotton and silk manufactures suffered especially.2)Competition of machine-made goods: The large-scale production that grew as a result of Industrial Revolution meant a heavy reduction in costs. It also created a gigantic industrial organization and, consequently, the machine-made goods began to compete with the products of Indian industries and handicrafts. This led to the decline of textile handicrafts. Whereas the British emphasized the free import of machine-made manufactured goods they did not allow the import of machinery as such. The decline of Indian handicrafts created a vaccum which could be filled by the import of British manufactures only.(3)The development of new forms and patterns of demand as a result of foreign influence: With the spread of education, a new classs grew in India which was keen to imitate western dress, manners, fashions and customs so as to identify itself with the British officials. This led to a change in the pattern of demand. Indigenous goods went out of fashion and the demand for European commodities got a fillip. Besides, there was a loss of demand resulting from the disappearance of princely courts and nobility. Thus, the British rule, silently but surely, alienated the Indians not only from Indian culture but also diverted in its favour their form and pattern of demand for goods.
The causes for decay of the handicrafts industry were due to
Non availability of raw materials
Increase in number of mediators
increase in import of British goods
New age markets
Globalization of products
Explanation:
- The Indian handicrafts declined due to the introduction of British goods which were priced very low in the markets. The Indian Markets were filled up with British goods. This resulted in decline of Indian goods
- The raw materials were not easily available since the British were exporting them for production of goods in Britain. This led to a collapse of Indian handicrafts industry in India since they could not compete with the machine made goods
- The handicrafts industry suffered due to lack of funds,unorganized systems, low literacy rates and new technologies coming into the country. These pressures added to the problems of the artisans and they started to decline in the country.
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