Question

what are the causes of globalization? 5 marks​

Answer 1

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1. Improved transport, making global travel easier. For example, there has been a rapid growth in air travel, enabling greater movement of people and goods across the globe.

2. Containerisation. From 1970, there was a rapid adoption of the steel transport container. This reduced the costs of inter-modal transport, making trade cheaper and more efficient.

3. Improved technology which makes it easier to communicate and share information around the world. E.g. internet. For example, to work on improvements on this website, I will go to a global online community, like elance.com. There, people from any country can bid for the right to provide a service. It means that I can often find people to do a job relatively cheaply because labour costs are relatively lower in the Indian sub-continent.

4. Growth of multinational companies with a global presence in many different economies.

5. Growth of global trading blocks which have reduced national barriers. (e.g. European Union, NAFTA, ASEAN)

6. Reduced tariff barriers which encourage global trade. Often this has occurred through the support of the WTO.

Answer 2

1. Improved transport, making global travel easier. For example, there has been a rapid growth in air travel, enabling greater movement of people and goods across the globe.

2. Containerisation. From 1970, there was a rapid adoption of the steel transport container. This reduced the costs of inter-modal transport, making trade cheaper and more efficient.

3. Improved technology which makes it easier to communicate and share information around the world. E.g. internet. For example, to work on improvements on this website, I will go to a global online community, like elance.com. There, people from any country can bid for the right to provide a service. It means that I can often find people to do a job relatively cheaply because labour costs are relatively lower in the Indian sub-continent.

4. Growth of multinational companies with a global presence in many different economies.

5. Growth of global trading blocks which have reduced national barriers. (e.g. European Union, NAFTA, ASEAN)

6. Reduced tariff barriers which encourage global trade. Often this has occurred through the support of the WTO.