what are the causes of soil erosion ?
Answers
1) Deforestation
2) Overgrazing
3)Wind
4)Water
1)Erosion by Water
Factors & Causes of Soil Erosion
1.Rainfall Intensity and Runoff: The impact of raindrops will break up the soil and water build-up will create runoff, taking sediment with it.
2.Soil Erodibility: Based on the characteristics of each unique soil, it is more or less susceptible to erosion. Recurring erosion is more typical for soil in areas that have experienced erosion in the past.
3.Slope Gradient and Length: The steeper the slope, the greater amount of soil can be lost. As the soil erodes downward, it increases the slope degree, which in turn, creates further erosion.
4.Vegetation: Vegetative cover of plants or crop residues protect the soil from raindrop impact and splash. The less vegetation cover, the more erosion can occur.
2)Erosion by Wind
Factors & Causes of Soil Erosion
1.Erodability of Soil: The finest particles are transported by the wind, while the heavier particles are blown across the surface causing abrasion.
Soil Surface Roughness: Soil surfaces that are not rough offer little resistance to wind erosion. Excess tillage can contribute to the breakdown of soil.
2.Climate: Soil moisture levels at the surface can become extremely low in times of drought, increasing particles to be carried by the wind. Conversely, this effect can occur in freezing climates as well.
3.Un-Sheltered Distance: The lack of windbreaks allows wind to transport particles a farther distance, increasing abrasion and erosion.
4.Vegetative Cover: Lack of permanent vegetation creates loose, dry, and barren soil that is perfect for wind transport.