Question

What are the causes of temporary hardness and permanent hardness

Answer 1

the cause of permanent hardning of water
are the salt of magnesium and Calcium when they are dissolved in water the water is permanently hard such as mgcl2 and cacl2..
and the temporary hardness of water is due to the salt dissolve in water for chest such as magnesium hydrogen carbonate and calcium carbonate. mg(hco3)2, ca(hco3)2.

Answer 2

The presence of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates Ca(HCO3)2 and Mg(HCO3)2 causes temporary hardness in water. The presence of soluble salts of calcium and magnesium, i.e., sulphates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium cause permanent hardness in water.