Question

what are the changes brought in indian Constitution after implementation of 73rd amendment​

Answer 1

Answer:

In the history of Panchayati Raj, in India, on 24 April 1993, the Constitutional (73rd amendment) Act 1992 came into force to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions. This amendment was extended to Panchayats in the tribal areas of eight states, namely: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Rajasthan beginning on 24 December 1996. This amendment contains provision for devolution of powers and responsibilities to the panchayats, both for the preparation of economic development plans and social justice, as well as for implementation in relation to 29 subjects listed in the eleventh schedule of the constitution, and the ability to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees.The Act aims to provide a three-tier systems of Panchayati Raj for all states having a population of over 2 million, to hold Panchayat elections regularly every five years, to provide seats reserved for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and women; to appoint a State Finance Commission to make recommendations regarding the financial powers of the Panchayats and to constitute a District Planning Committee.

Answer 2

• The Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act was passed in 1992 and it came into effect on 24 April 1993. The Act empowered state governments to take the necessary steps that would lead to the formalisation of the gram panchayats and help them operate as units of self-governance.

• The chief features of the act are mentioned below:

1. This Act made the Panchayati Raj institutions in the country constitutional bodies.
2. Under Article 243-B, it has become compulsory for every state to establish panchayats in their territories.
3. Article 243-G makes it mandatory for the state governments to devolve powers, responsibilities and authority to the panchayats.
4. The gram panchayats have a fixed tenure of 5 years.
5. State election commissions have been provided with the mechanism to conduct independent elections to the village panchayats.
6. Article 243-D gives provisions for the due representation of women and SC/STs.
7. The State Finance Commission should also evaluate the financial position of the panchayats every five years.

• Changes brought about with the implementation of 73rd Amendment-

1. The passing of the 73rd Amendment has improved local self-government in the country vastly.
2. In order to celebrate this and further give impetus to the institutions, the central government in 2010 decided to observe 24th April every year as National Panchayati Raj Day.
3. Today, the formalised Panchayati raj functions in three levels namely, the Gram Panchayat (at the village level), the Mandal Parishad/Panchayat Samiti/Block Samiti (at the Block level), and the Zila Parishad (at the district level).

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