Question

What are the characteristic features of the mordern age of India?

Answer 1

Increasing role of science and technology.Mass literacy and proliferation of mass media.Spread of social movements.Institution of representative democracy.Individualism.Industrialization.Urbanization.

Answer 2

Literary modernism originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in answer to the call of Ezra Pound: "Make it new." Modernism rejects Realism, instead examining realms of the consciousness and subjective states in characters.

Writers such as Virginia Woolf and James Joyce exemplify Modernist writers as they employ such techniques as stream-of-consciousness, or internal monologues, in order to allow readers into the characters' subconsciouses. The theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung regarding the unconscious mind allowed these writers to explore such things as repressed feelings, subliminal thoughts, complexes, desires and fears. Modernist writers opened up new avenues of literary composition.

In addition to the examination of the unconscious mind, Modernist writers also explored both the positive and negative affects of urban life with its anonymity, industrialization, power, and darkness. Clearly, Modernism was a great departure from the traditional views, presenting a darker picture of "a culture in disarray." Such writers as T.S. Eliot felt that language failed to convey meaning fully. "That's not it at all; that's what I meant at all," Prufrock complains in Eliot's poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock." Because of this failure of language, therefore, Modernist writers explored form instead. Non-chronological, fragmented, poetic forms utilized by T. S. Eliot and Ezra Pound revolutionized poetic language.