Question

what are the conclusion and shortcomings of Rutherford so model of atom

Answer 1

Drawbacks of Rutherford’s model of atom

Rutherford proposed that electrons revolve at a high speed in circular orbits around the positively charged nucleus. When a charged particle i. e. electron revolves around positively charge nucleus, it needs to be accelerated so as to keep it moving in circular orbits. However, according to electromagnetic theory, whenever a charged particle such as an electron is accelerated around another charged center ( nucleus ) which are under force of attraction, there will be continuous radiation of energy. This loss of energy would slow down the speed of the electron. This would reduce the radius of the electron–orbit. Eventually the electron would fall into the nucleus. The result would be that the atom would collapse. But this does not happen. Thus Rutherford’s atom could not explain the stability of the atom. Failure of Rutherford’s model i.e. reduction of radius of orbit is shown below.

Rutherford proposed that electrons revolve around the nucleus in the fixed orbits. However, he did not specify the orbits and the number of electrons in each orbit.

hope it's helpful

Answer 2

(1)An atom on the whole is relatively empty.

(2)A concentrated positive mass is present in a very small region in an atom if the the alpha particles is not close to the positive mass it gets deflected slightly.

(3)If the alpha particles passes very close to the concentrated positive mass it gets deflected through large angles and if it approaches at right angles it gets deflected through 360°C