What are the consequences of hidden and exposed terminals?
Answers
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The hidden terminal problem is due to the fact that a node (say A) transmitting to another node (say B) cannot hear transmissions from another node C, which might also be transmitting to B, and might interfere with the A-to-B transmissions. e.g. Say transmissions are limited to a distance d, this arrangement causes the problem described:
To get around this, we use the RTS/CTS mechanism. A now broadcasts a Request To Send message that asks "Can I send this message?" to all nodes within distance d. If B is free, it replies with a Clear to Send (CTS) which makes other nodes at a distance d from B enter a backoff period where they do not transmit.
However, this can also cause nodes that are within a distance d of B to enter backoff periods (e.g. B′ – even if they don't directly interfere with the transmissions between B and A.
This is called the exposed terminal problem.
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