what are the decomposition reaction taking place in our body for class 10 cbse
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Answer:
To study decomposition reactions.
The Theory
What is a decomposition reaction?
Decomposition is a type of chemical reaction. It is defined as the reaction in which a single compound splits into two or more simple substances under suitable conditions. It is just the opposite of the combination reaction.
In a combination reaction, a substance is formed as a result of chemical combination, while in a decomposition reaction, the substance breaks into new substances.
For example: The digestion of food in our body is accompanied by a number of decomposition reactions. The major constituents of our food such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc.,decompose to form a number of simpler substances. These substances further react, releasing large amounts of energy, which keeps our body working.
The general equation that describes a decomposition reaction is:
Types of Decomposition Reactions
Decomposition reactions can be classified into three types:
Thermal decomposition reaction
Electrolytic decomposition reaction
Photo decomposition reaction
Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where a single substance breaks into two or more simple substances when heated. The reaction is usually endothermic because heat is required to break the bonds present in the substance.
Examples:
Photo decomposition is a chemical reaction in which a substance is broken down into simple substances by exposure to light (photons).
Thermal decomposition reaction (Thermolysis)
Decomposition of calcium carbonate:Calcium carbonate (lime stone) decomposes into calcium oxide (quick lime) and carbon dioxide when heated. Quick lime is the major constituent of cement.
Decomposition of potassium chlorate:When heated strongly, potassium chlorate decomposes into potassium chloride and oxygen. This reaction is used for the preparation of oxygen.
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If the decomposition is carried out in the presence of manganese dioxide (MnO2), it takes place at a lower temperature. In this case, MnO2 is used as a catalyst.
Decomposition of ferric hydroxide:Ferric hydroxide undergoes decomposition in the presence of heat, giving ferric oxide and water molecules.
Decomposition of hydrated oxalic acid:
Hydrated oxalic acid (H2C2O4.2H2O) decomposes into oxalic acid and water when heated.
Electrolytic decomposition reaction (Electrolysis)
Electrolytic decomposition may result when electric current is passed through an aqueous solution of a compound. A good example is the electrolysis of water.
Electrolysis of water: Electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen due to the passage of electric current through it.
Decomposition of sodium chloride:On passing electricity through molten sodium chloride, it decomposes into sodium and chlorine.
Photo decomposition reaction (Photolysis)
Decomposition of silver chloride:Place a small quantity of silver chloride (AgCl) taken in a watch glass under sunlight for some time. The crystals slowly acquire a grey colour. On analysis, it is found that the sunlight has caused decomposition of silver chloride into silver and chlorine.
Silver bromide also decomposes in the same way.
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