What are the different methods of soil conservation
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All those measures that include help in protecting the earth from destruction and exhaustion are known as soil conservation. In our country, soil erosion has been continuing over for such a long time that it has assumed alarming proportions.
Following methods are normally adopted for conserving soil:-
1. Afforestation:-
One of the best ways to conserve soil is to increase the area under forests. Undiscriminating trees cutting should be stopped and efforts should be made to plant trees in new areas. 20 to 25 per cent, as they say, is the minimum area of forest land for the whole country which is considered healthy for soil and water conservation. Nevertheless, it was raised to 33 per cent in the second five-year plan; the proportion being 20 per cent for the plains and 60 per cent for hilly and mountainous regions.
2. Checking Overgrazing:-
Grazing is very important. But overgrazing of forests and grasslands by animals, especially by herds and flocks of sheep, goats, should be properly checked. One can earmark separate grazing grounds. Alternate fodder crops should be grown in larger quantities.
3. Constructing Dams:-
One of the scientific methods to check soil erosion. Soil erosion which happens maximum by river floods can be avoided by constructing dams across the rivers. Water speed can be checked and it considerably saves soil from erosion.
4. Changing Agricultural Practices:-
We can save a lot of our valuable soil by bringing about certain changes in our agricultural practices.
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