What are the different types of bacteria classified in the kingdom Monera . Explain.
Answers
Kingdom Monera is classified into three sub-kingdoms-
- Archaebacteria,
- Eubacteria,
- Cyanobacteria.
→Archaebacteria are known to be the oldest living organisms on earth. They belong to the kingdom Monera and are classified as bacteria because they resemble bacteria when observed under a microscope. Apart from this, they are completely distinct from prokaryotes.
→Eubacteria, or “true” bacteria, are single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms that have a range of characteristics and are found in various conditions throughout all parts of the world. ... Since eubacteria are so common, this group comprises one of the three domains of life.
→ Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic bacteria, some of which are nitrogen-fixing, that live in a wide variety of moist soils and water either freely or in a symbiotic relationship with plants or lichen-forming fungi (as in the lichen genus Peltigera).
Kingdom Monera belongs to the prokaryote family. The organisms belonging to this kingdom do not contain a true nucleus. These are the oldest known microorganisms on earth. Their DNA is not enclosed within the nucleus.
They are unicellular organisms found mostly in a moist environment. They are found in hot springs, snow, deep oceans, or as parasites in other organisms.
They are unicellular organisms found mostly in a moist environment. They are found in hot springs, snow, deep oceans, or as parasites in other organisms.The monerans do not possess any membrane-bound organelles.
They are unicellular organisms found mostly in a moist environment. They are found in hot springs, snow, deep oceans, or as parasites in other organisms.The monerans do not possess any membrane-bound organelles.Let us go through the kingdom monera notes to explore the characteristics and classification of monera.
Characteristics of Monera
The important characteristics of Monera are mentioned below:
The Monerans are unicellular organisms.
The Monerans are unicellular organisms.They contain 70S ribosomes.
The Monerans are unicellular organisms.They contain 70S ribosomes.The DNA is naked and is not bound by a nuclear membrane.
It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.
It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding.
It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding.The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycan.
It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding.The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycan.Flagellum serves as the locomotory organ.
These are environmental decomposers
These are environmental decomposersThey show different modes of nutrition such as autotrophic, parasitic, heterotrophic, or saprophytic.
Classification of Monera
Classification of MoneraKingdom Monera is classified into three sub-kingdoms- Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Cyanobacteria.
Archaebacteria
These are the most ancient bacteria found in the most extreme habitats such as salty area (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens).
These are the most ancient bacteria found in the most extreme habitats such as salty area (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens).The structure of the cell wall is different from that of the other bacteria which helps them survive in extreme conditions.
These are the most ancient bacteria found in the most extreme habitats such as salty area (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens).The structure of the cell wall is different from that of the other bacteria which helps them survive in extreme conditions.The mode of nutrition is autotrophic.
These are the most ancient bacteria found in the most extreme habitats such as salty area (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles) and marshy areas (methanogens).The structure of the cell wall is different from that of the other bacteria which helps them survive in extreme conditions.The mode of nutrition is autotrophic.The nucleotide sequences of its t-RNA and r-RNA is unique.
Eubacteria
Eubacteria are also known as “true bacteria”.
Eubacteria are also known as “true bacteria”.The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycans.
Eubacteria are also known as “true bacteria”.The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycans.It moves with the help of flagella.
Eubacteria are also known as “true bacteria”.The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycans.It moves with the help of flagella.A few bacteria contain short appendages on the cell surface, known as pili which help the bacteria during sexual reproduction. Pili also helps a pathogen to attach to the host.
They are divided into two categories; gram-positive and gram-negative, depending upon the nature of the cell wall and the stain they take.
They are divided into two categories; gram-positive and gram-negative, depending upon the nature of the cell wall and the stain they take.Rhizobium and Clostridium are two eubacteria.
Cyanobacteria
These are also known as blue-green algae.
These are also known as blue-green algae.These bacteria are photosynthetic in nature.
These are also known as blue-green algae.These bacteria are photosynthetic in nature.They contain chlorophyll, carotenoids and phycobilins.
These are also known as blue-green algae.These bacteria are photosynthetic in nature.They contain chlorophyll, carotenoids and phycobilins.They are found in the aquatic region.