Question

What are the different types of transients occur in a power system?

Answer 1

Transients are an instantaneous change in the state leading to a burst of energy for a limited time is termed as a transient event. The causes can be both external and internal, with the aftermath being sequential and affecting the other parts too.

Lightning strikes and switching transients on power lines will propagate down the line and eventually arrive at a substation. There, the voltage will be clamped by lightning arresters to a level the substation equipment can handle without damage.

Causes:
Transients are most frequently caused by switching of inductive or capacitive loads.
Another cause is that of the routine utility tasks which include:
Facility load switches
On/off disconnects (on energized lines)
Capacitor banks switch
Tap changing (transformers)..

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Answer 2

Power system transients that are produced by utility switching processes or lightning strokes to electrical facilities have important potential to damage devices or intrude the operation. Transient voltages and currents are caused by sudden changes inside the electric power system. The huge majority of transients are created inside your own facility. The chief offenders are machine switching, latent discharge, and arcing. Each time you turn on, switch off, pressure, or discharge an inductive device, you produce a transient.