Question

What are the different types of winds? Explain It In brief ​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Main 3 types of winds :-

There are mainly three types of winds: Permanent Winds They blow constantly throughout the year in a particular direction. They are trade winds known as westerlies and easterlies. Seasonal Winds These kind of winds change their direction in different seasons.

__________________________________

The various types of winds are:-

(1) Permanent or Planetary winds

(2) Periodic winds

(3) Local winds

(4) Cyclones and Anticyclones

__________________________________

Local winds :-

The local winds are truly local. They occur over a much smaller land scale and are related to the topographical features of that particular place. They blow for a short period and are caused due to the particular shape of the land or nearness to a body of water that generates a specific movement of air.

The examples :- of local winds in India: Kalbaisakhi (West Bengal), Loo (North India).

__________________________________

Planetary Winds :-

Planetary winds comprise winds distributed throughout the lower atmosphere. The winds regularly blow throughout the year confined within latitudinal belts, mainly in north-east and south-east directions or from high-pressure polar-regions to low-pressure regions.

__________________________________

Anti-Trade or westerlies :-

These are variable winds and not as constant in strength and direction as the trade winds. The westerly wind belt is characterised by frequent cyclones and anti-cyclones. They blow from the subtropical high pressures belt $30 {}^{0} </p><p>$ north and south of the Equator to the sub polar low pressure belt. In the Northern Hemisphere, they blow from SW to NE. In the Southern Hemisphere, the direction is NW to SE.

__________________________________

Deflection of Wind :-

The rotation of the Earth causes a force known as the Coriolis Force due to which they deflect more than a slow wind. The change in the wind direction as a result of the coriolis force is stated in Ferrel's Law. This law states that any horizontally moving fluid or object would deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to its left in the Southern Hemisphere due to the Earth's rotation.

_____________________________________

Periodic Winds-

These are the winds blowing at a much smaller scale in comparison to the planetary winds.

The planetary winds include:-

(1) Land and Sea Breezes

(2) Monsoons.

____________________________________

Seasonal Winds :-

Seasonal winds blow in a particular season. These winds have a seasonal rhythm. The best example of this is Monsoon. This season of winds is experienced in southern and eastern Asia. The rapid heating of land due to the hot summer over most parts of India causes the hot air to rise.

____________________________________

Mountain and Valley Breezes -

Mountain and valley breezes form through a process similar to sea and land breezes. During the day, the sun heats up valley air rapidly while mountain remains relatively cooler. Convection causes it to rise, causing a valley breeze. At night, the process is reversed.