Question

What are the different ways to trace the evolutionary relationships among current existing and anciently existing species?
Anyone who could answer would be marked as brainliest I assure..

Answer 1

they are various methods to trace the evolutionary relationships one is digging the earth . the fossils which are found more deeper or more older
the second method is of carbon dating all organic organisms contains carbon so when they die there is a 50% rule that is only 50% of carbon is lost over 50 years so we can find the age of the fossils with this method the concentration of carbon and that organism will reveal as the age of the organism

Answer 2

$\huge\bold{Answer}$

$\boxed{\textbf{Evolution}}$

Evolution is the process by which the new type of organisms are developed from the pre-existing ones through modification and gradual changes due to certain environmental factors such as genetic drift, natural selection etc.

$\bold{Evolutionary-relationships}$

The more closely the two organisms are related, the more characteristics they will have in common.

Example : A brother and a sister are closely related because they share a common ancestor i.e., their parents.

$\bold{Tracing-Evolutionary-relationships}$


Common feature in different organisms point out towards common ancestry.

$\bold{Evidences}$

According to Charles Robert Darwin, more closely related species have evolved from a common ancestor.The characteristics and fundamentally similar structures suggest the possibility of a common ancestor.

$\textbf{\underline{Homologous-organs}}$

Organisms which are similar in structure , same developmental origin ,but, different functions are identified in this category.

EXAMPLE : Forelimbs of human, bird, lizard etc.

$\textbf{\underline{Analogous-organs}}$

The organs which have different origin and basic structure (plan), but show similar appearance and perform similar functions come under this category.

EXAMPLE : Wings of a bird, bat etc.

$\textbf{\underline{Fossils}}$

These are preserved traces of living organisms that lived millions of years ago.

A fossil Archaeopteryx is the connecting link between birds and reptiles. This is because, it has feathered wings and beak like those of birds, but teeth and tail like those of reptiles. So,it is considered that birds have evolved from reptiles.