what are the dimensions exists in universe?
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Theoretical physicists regularly disagree regarding how many dimensions exist in the universe. Some put it at 10 or 11 or 13 dimensions but no one really knows how many dimensions exist in the universe. Some theoretical physicists can be quite passionate about their particular belief in the total number dimensions in the universe even though they know that they don't know what the truth is regarding the true number of dimensions.
Theoretical physicists are partial towards one particular number of dimensions because the multidimensional mathematics that they develop to represent a framework for the nature of the universe becomes much more simple (or elegant) when a certain number of dimensions is assumed. We of course don't know which conclusions are true.
String theory is another field of theoretical physics which involves expressing the mutlidimensional universe in terms of little strings. Many of our string theorists support the theory that our universe has 10 or 11 dimensions (11 dimensional universes are sometimes described as involving 10 normal dimensions coupled with a time dimension).
In mathematics, there is no difficulty whatsoever in dealing with n-dimensional spaces, where n can be whatever you'd like. These can be dimensions in the sense of directions in some non-visual hyperspace model, or they can be (more properly) "degrees of freedom." For instance, if you were trying to model weather patterns, you might find it convenient to identify a point not only by its location in space and at a point of time, but by its barometric pressure, wind velocity, temperature, etc. That would give you a seven dimensional-model. Similarly, physicists dealing with electrons have quantum numbers like spin, isospin, charge, twist, baryon number, etc. For mathematical purposes, these can be used in multi-dimensional formulae, for a convenient model.
Concluding, there's nothing magical or mysterious about dimensions and the number of dimensions. They're just notions scientists dreamed up to help them describe the world.
Theoretical physicists are partial towards one particular number of dimensions because the multidimensional mathematics that they develop to represent a framework for the nature of the universe becomes much more simple (or elegant) when a certain number of dimensions is assumed. We of course don't know which conclusions are true.
String theory is another field of theoretical physics which involves expressing the mutlidimensional universe in terms of little strings. Many of our string theorists support the theory that our universe has 10 or 11 dimensions (11 dimensional universes are sometimes described as involving 10 normal dimensions coupled with a time dimension).
In mathematics, there is no difficulty whatsoever in dealing with n-dimensional spaces, where n can be whatever you'd like. These can be dimensions in the sense of directions in some non-visual hyperspace model, or they can be (more properly) "degrees of freedom." For instance, if you were trying to model weather patterns, you might find it convenient to identify a point not only by its location in space and at a point of time, but by its barometric pressure, wind velocity, temperature, etc. That would give you a seven dimensional-model. Similarly, physicists dealing with electrons have quantum numbers like spin, isospin, charge, twist, baryon number, etc. For mathematical purposes, these can be used in multi-dimensional formulae, for a convenient model.
Concluding, there's nothing magical or mysterious about dimensions and the number of dimensions. They're just notions scientists dreamed up to help them describe the world.
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