What are the factors affecting the monsoon in India
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The factors which affect the intensity of monsoon are–
El Nino and La Nina Effects-These affects the latitudinal walker cell in the Pacific Ocean and rainfall pattern in the Asian region. During El Nino Year weak push to Monsoon winds towards India causes less rainfall and draught where as During La Nina years, the push is stronger and causes heavy rain and floods.
Strengths of low pressure over Tibet and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean- The strengths of low pressure over Tibetan plateau and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean has always positive effect on Indian monsoon and have high rainfall. Opposite to it has weak monsoon and hence less rainfall.
Somali Jet (Findlater Jet) and Somali Current (Findlater Current) – These effect the intensity of high pressure cell in the Southern Indian Ocean and flow of moisture laden winds to the subcontinent.
Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) –It is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia. The greater than average sea-surface temperatures in Arabian Sea responsible for greater precipitation in the western Indian Ocean region, and vice versa.
India terribly needs the monsoon to keep its climate regulated, and keep the cycle going all through the year. Monsoon is the lifeline of Indian agriculture and benefits to power sector as nearly 20% of electricity in India are generated from hydro-electric plants.
El Nino and La Nina Effects-These affects the latitudinal walker cell in the Pacific Ocean and rainfall pattern in the Asian region. During El Nino Year weak push to Monsoon winds towards India causes less rainfall and draught where as During La Nina years, the push is stronger and causes heavy rain and floods.
Strengths of low pressure over Tibet and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean- The strengths of low pressure over Tibetan plateau and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean has always positive effect on Indian monsoon and have high rainfall. Opposite to it has weak monsoon and hence less rainfall.
Somali Jet (Findlater Jet) and Somali Current (Findlater Current) – These effect the intensity of high pressure cell in the Southern Indian Ocean and flow of moisture laden winds to the subcontinent.
Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) –It is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia. The greater than average sea-surface temperatures in Arabian Sea responsible for greater precipitation in the western Indian Ocean region, and vice versa.
India terribly needs the monsoon to keep its climate regulated, and keep the cycle going all through the year. Monsoon is the lifeline of Indian agriculture and benefits to power sector as nearly 20% of electricity in India are generated from hydro-electric plants.
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