what are the farming methods to grow rajma
Answers
Select a Good Location
Select a location with full sun and very good drainage system for growing kidney bean. The kidney beans are sensitive to saline soils, and they grow best within the soil pH range between 5.5 and 6. Consider all these factors while choosing a location for growing kidney bean.
Prepare the Soil
The kidney bean plants can be grown on wide variety of soils from light sandy to heavy clay soils. But the kidney bean plants generally grow well in loamy soil which is well drained and slightly rich in organic contents.
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1-2 ploughing with one deep ploughing and 2-3 cross harrowing will be enough for preparing the soil for growing kidney bean. Control weeds from the field while preparing the soil. Add both organic and chemical fertilizers while ploughing and harrowing.
For commercial kidney bean production, you have to add both Nitrogen and Phosphorus into the soil. The kidney bean lack biological Nitrogen fixation due to poor nodulation. So, you have to apply chemical fertilizers for having good yield. Add 80-100 kg Nitrogen and 50-60 kg Phosphorus into the soil while preparing.
Level the soil after ploughing, harrowing and adding all the fertilizers into the field.
Climate Requirements for Growing Kidney Bean
The kidney bean plants are very much responsive to specific temperature conditions, and the plants grow well in tropical and temperate areas. Areas receiving 600-1500 mm rainfall annually is ideal for growing kidney bean plants. Ideal temperature for growing kidney bean plants and producing maximum yield is between 15 °C and 25 °C.
Best Time for Growing Kidney Bean
The kidney bean seeds can be sown twice a year. The seeds can be planted either in January-February or in June-July.
Choose a Variety
There are many different varieties available of the kidney beans. But all these varieties are not suitable for all locations. So, you have to choose that variety which grows well in your area. You can consult with an existing farmer or any agriculture specialist in your area for having good recommendation. Some popular kidney bean varieties are Cabernet Dark Red, California Early Light Red, Montcalm Dark Red, Red Hawk, Red Rover and Sacramento Light Red. You can choose any variety depending on it’s availability in your area.
Purchase Seeds
Purchase seeds after selecting a good variety for your production purpose. Nowadays, the kidney beans are common throughout the world and the seeds should be easily available in your area. You can also consider ordering the seeds online.
Seeds per Acre
Actual amount can vary depending on the chosen variety and also production type. On average, you will require about 30-35 kg seeds per acre for early sown varieties, and 10-12 kg per acre for the pole type varieties.
Planting
You can use the dibbling method for sowing the kidney bean seeds. The seeds are sown on ridge in hilly areas. But the seeds are sown in line or on bed for growing kidney bean in plain areas. Space the rows to about 1.5-2 feet apart for the early shown varieties, and space the seeds to about 4-6 inches distance in rows. Sow the seeds at about 6-7 cm depth and try to water the field lightly after sowing the seeds.
You should treat the seeds before sowing. Use Thiram at the rate of 4 grams per kg of seeds for treating the seeds.
Caring
The kidney bean plants generally require less care and maintenance as compared to many other commercial crops. Although taking additional care will help the plants to grow better and which will ultimately increase the total yield. Here we are describing more about the additional caring process for growing kidney bean plants.
Fertilizing: The kidney bean plants will not require applying additional fertilizers. The plants will grow just fine if you have prepared the soil in the above mentioned methods.
Watering: Adequate and timely watering is very important for growing kidney bean plants. Several irrigation are required during the growing season. First watering on 25th day after sowing the seeds, and then 3 irrigation at 25 days interval are necessary for getting maximum yield. Watering prior to blooming, during flowering and at the pod development stage is very important.
Controlling Weeds: Weeds consume most of the nutrients form the soil, so controlling weeds is very important for good yield from kidney bean cultivation. Controlling weeds while preparing the soil is always a good idea. Control additional weeds by hoeing if required.
Answer:
we must compost the soil first and after that Field must have good internal drainage so that the water stagnation could be avoided then we can plant it