Question

What are the four types of combustion ?

Answer 1

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WHAT is Combustion?

Combustion is actually a scientific term for burning. We are all aware of burning, but did you know that burning is actually a chemical reaction? Combustion is a chemical process where any fuel has a reaction with air (oxidant) to produce heat energy.

And when this heat energy release it will also produce light in the form of a flame. This is the visible part of the reaction, the flames. The general exothermic reaction of combustion can be expressed as:

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Heat Energy

Examples of Combustion

Burning of Wood or Coal to heat your home

Burning of Petrol or Diesel to run your Car

Combustion of Natural Gas or LPG to cook for on your stovetop

For the production of energy in thermal power plants

Fireworks



Types of Combustion

1] Complete Combustion

One of the types of combustion is Complete Combustion. Complete combustion occurs in an unlimited supply of air, oxygen in particular. Also, complete combustion is also known as clean combustion. Here the hydrocarbon will burn out completely with the oxygen and leave only two byproducts, water, and carbon dioxide.

An example of this is when a candle burns. The heat from the wick will vaporize the wax which reacts with the oxygen in the air. The two products of the reaction are water and carbon dioxide. In an ideal situation all the wax burns up and complete combustion takes place

2] Incomplete Combustion

Incomplete combustion takes place when the air is in limited supply. And as opposed to complete combustion it is otherwise known as dirty combustion. Due to lack of oxygen, the fuel will not react completely. This, in turn, produces carbon monoxide and soot instead of carbon dioxide.

An example is burning of paper. It leaves behind ash (a form of soot) as a byproduct. In a complete combustion, the only products are water and carbon dioxide. Also, incomplete combustion produces less energy than complete combustion.

3] Rapid Combustion

Another type of combustion is Rapid Combustion. Rapid energy needs external heat energy for the reaction to occur. The combustion produces a large amount of heat and light energy and does so rapidly. The combustion will carry on as long as the fuel is available.

An example is when you light a candle. The heat energy is provided when we light the candle with a matchstick. And it will carry on till the wax burns out. Hence it is a rapid combustion

4] Spontaneous Combustion

As the name suggests the combustion occurs spontaneously. This means that it requires no external energy for the combustion to start. It happens due to self-heating. A substance with low-ignition temperatures gets heated and this heat is unable to escape.

The temperature rises above ignition point and in the presence of sufficient oxygen combustion will happen. The reaction of alkali metals with water is an example.

5] Explosive Combustion

Explosive Combustion happens when the reaction occurs very rapidly. The reaction occurs when something ignites to produce heat, light and sound energy, The simple way to describe is it to call it an explosion. Some classic examples are firecrackers or blowing up of dynamite.

Answer 2

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                              Types of combustion

⇒ Rapid combustion : A combustion reaction in which a large amount of head and light is evolved in a short period of time is known as rapid combustion.

Example : Matchstick burn rapidly when it struck against the side of matchbox.

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⇒ Slow combustion : A combustion reaction in which energy is released very slowly even though oxidation takes place, is called slow combustion.

Example : Burning of candle , burning of papers etc

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⇒ Spontaneous combustion : A combustion reaction in which no external heat is given to start it , is known as spontaneous combustion.

Example : forest fire, phosphorous and sulphur burning instantly at room temperature.

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⇒Explosive combustion : In this combustion happen very rapidly and it produce heat and light along with sound is known as explosive combustion.

Example : best example is dynamite which require a strong sock.

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Example of combustion : Burning of fossil fuel like patrol, diesel , wood etc.

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Essential condition for combustion ↓↓↓

• Presence of oxygen
• Presence of highly combustible substance.
• Flame temperature and luminosity.
• Ignition temperature of fuel.

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