Question

what are the function of plant hormones

Answer 1

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Plant Hormones and their Functions



Plant hormones regularize the growth of plants. They occur in very small proportions within the plant. The following article explains the five different types of these secretions and their functions.

BiologyWise Staff

Plant hormones are known as phytohormonesin botanical terms. They are chemicals just like animal hormones that help in the growth, development, and functioning of plants. Like animals, plants too are living organisms that function as a unit. They carry out vital biochemical reactions that are required to survive. These biochemical reactions require hormones also known as 'plant growth substances'. These hormones help in the formation of leaves, flowers, stems, fruit, etc. They also help in determining the sex of the flowers, the color of the fruits, and leaves. They help in formation of tissues, respiration, energy production, and even plant longevity and death. Just as hormones are necessary for an animal body to function without any glitches, they too help the green living beings to survive normally. In this article, we shall cover some information related to these secretions and their functions.

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Answer 2

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ANSWER ==

Plant Hormones are the plant growth regulators. They require in small amount but necessary for functioning of Plants.

There are several Plant Hormones classes, namely, Auxin, Cytokinin, Gibberellin, Abscisic Acid, Ethylene.

Here are the functions of plant hormones in short.

Functions of Auxin : Cell enlargement, apical dominance, prevention from bending; promote xylem differentiation, healing of wounds of plants.

Applications of Auxin include - root initiation in callus during plant tissue culture, application of auxins to induce parthenocarpy etc.

Function of Cytokinin : promote cell division, apical dominance, delay in senescenes ( aging ), phloem transport, accumulation of salts in cells, production of female flowers, increase resistance to extreme temperatures and diseases.

Applications of Cytokinin include - stem initiation in callus during plant tissue culture, disease resistant varieties in genetically modified crops

Functions of Gibberellin : promote increase in fruit size, inter-nodal elongation, seed germination

Applications of Gibberellin include - dose of Giibberellin during parthenocarpy, production of male flowers on genetically female plants, breaking dormancy of seed, bud, tuber etc.

Functions of Abscisic Acid : abscission of leaves, reduce transpiration, inhibit cambium activity, bud dormancy in seed during winter, seed development and maturation, induce flowering in some SDPs, synthesis of carotenoids in green organs

Functions of Ethylene : inhibit stem elongation; promote fruit ripening, increase girth of stem, speed of senescence, abscission of leaves

Applications of Ethylene - artificial ripening of fruits, sprouting of storage organs.

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