what are the functions kidney, renal artery ,renal vein
Answers
Answer:
the function of kidney is it purify the blood
ooh sorry it is the function of lungs
KIDNEYS
The kidneys are a very important organ in the body . They are two bean - shaped organs , each about the size of a fist , located just below the rib cage , one on each side of your spine . The kidneys are responsible for getting rid of waste products , drugs , and toxins through our urine .
Your kidneys also :
• Regulate electrolyte (salt) concentrations .
• Regulate amount of fluid within the body .
• Help regulate blood pressure .
• Help maintain acid-base balance .
• Produce hormones that affect blood and bones .
• A kidney is composed of tiny units called nephrons .
• Nephrons consist of glomeruli and tubules .
• Glomeruli are small blood vessels that filter wastes and excess fluids .
• Tubules collect the waste to form urine .
• When glomeruli become damaged, many problems can arise leading to glomerular disease .
RENAL ARTERIES
There are two blood vessels leading off from the abdominal aorta that go to the kidneys. The renal artery is one of these two blood vessels.
The renal artery enters through the hilum, which is located where the kidney curves inward in a concave shape. Under normal circumstances, once the renal artery enters through the hilum, it splits into two main branches, which each then split into numerous smaller arteries, which deliver blood to different areas of the kidneys, known as nephrons.
Once the blood has been processed here, it is sent back through the renal vein to the inferior vena cava and to the right side section of the heart.
A normal person’s kidneys receive approximately a quarter of the hearts blood output, or 1.2 liters of blood each minute. The body has self-regulating mechanisms in place, which increase or decrease the flow of blood to adapt to stress. Receptors located in the smooth muscle wall of the renal artery allow the arteries to expand or contract to compensate for high or low blood pressure.
RENAL VEINS
There are two renal veins, a left and a right. They branch off the inferior vena cava and drain oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys.
As they enter the kidneys, each vein separates into two parts. The posterior veins assist in draining the back section of each kidney, while the anterior veins assist the front part. These veins also are responsible for draining blood from the ureter, which transports urine away from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
These veins should not be confused with the renal aorta. Unlike veins, the renal aorta delivers oxygenated blood to the kidneys. To simplify, the aorta carries blood to the kidneys while veins move the blood away.
There are two notable diseases that involve the renal veins. If a clot (or thrombus) develops, this can cause renal vein thrombosis (RVT). Symptoms include a diminished flow of urine, along with blood in the urine. Treatment would require either anticoagulants and/or clot-removing surgery. Another issue is nutcracker syndrome (NCS), which occurs when one of the renal veins is compressed between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery.