Question

what are the geopolitical problems of Great renascence Dam and fair utilization of Nile river?

Answer 1

In Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt, the Nile River plays a critical function in supporting civilization. The building of a Grand Renaissance Dam in Ethiopia will bring to the people living and working along riverside in Ethiopia and Sudan both challenges and solutions.

Explanation:

• The eastern Nile Basin riparian nations (Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia) have a long-standing controversy over water rights. In recent years, the rivalry has intensified because of an unfair balance of control. In 2011, Ethiopia decided to sign the first large dam, the "Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)", without any contract with neighboring Egypt.
• When the Grand Renaissance Dam in Ethiopia is complete, it will be Africa's largest water power station. Construction of a Blue Nile tributary in Northern Ethiopia started in 2011, from where 85% of the Nile waters flow. However, the mega-dam in Egypt has sparked a struggle between Ethiopia and Egypt, with Sudan, which could lead to a war
• The biggest concern is that the mega dam is over, Egypt is worried that the project will allow Ethiopia to control the stream of the longest river in Africa. Hydropower plants do not absorb water, however the downstream flow of the dam reservoir would be impacted by the refill of Ethiopia. Ethiopia said that they would be bound by the decades old agreement, which they started in March 2011 to construct a barracks without consulting Egypt.
• Egypt depends on the Nile for 90% of its water. In a country with inadequate water, a steady Nile flow has historically been thought to be a survival problem. Sudan and Egypt obtained jurisdiction in almost all the waters of the Nile in 1929 (and again in 1959). Egypt was also granted veto rights in all upstream schemes concerning its water share as per  the Colonial Document.
• There were fears that the nations would be drawn into a conflict if the problem had not been addressed. An overshadowed record of Egyptian politicians who proposed a series of aggressive actions against Ethiopia over the construction of this dam emerged in 2013 from Egyptian lawmakers. A war between the two countries, both of which are US allies, may draw world attention because it threatens thousands of civilians. There would also be a challenge to the vital path of international exchange between the Suez Canal and the Horn of Africa..

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