Question

what are the limitations of Rutherford Model of the atom

Answer 1

•  It could not explain the stability of an atom, i.e how a positive charge in the atom holds the negatively charged electrons.     •  It could not explain the position of nucleus in an atom.     •  It could not explain the scattering of alpha particlesDrawbacks of Rutherford’s Model:     •  The orbital revolution of the electron is not expected to be stable.     •  According to Rutherford’s model, the electrons, while moving in their orbits, would give up energy. This would make them slow down, gradually and move towards the nucleus. The electrons will follow a spiral path and then fall into the nucleus. Ultimately, the atom would collapse. But in reality the atom is stable. Drawbacks of Bohr’s Model:     •  Bohr’s model did not apply to elements like helium and lithium and the higher elements containing more than one electron.     •  The model was also unable to explain the structure of chemical bonds.

Answer 2

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According to Rutherford’s model of an atom, electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed orbits.

But, an electron revolving in circular orbits will not be stable because during revolution, it will experience acceleration.

Due to acceleration, the electrons will lose energy in the form of radiation and fall into the nucleus.

In such a case, the atom would be highly unstable and collapse.

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