Question

What are the limitations of Rutherford’s and Thomson’s model of atom? Long answer.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Answer 2

Limitations of Rutherford Atomic Model

Although the Rutherford atomic model was based on experimental observations it failed to explain certain things.

1.Rutherford proposed that the electrons revolve around the nucleus in fixed paths called orbits. According to Maxwell, accelerated charged particles emit electromagnetic radiations and hence an electron revolving around the nucleus should emit electromagnetic radiation. This radiation would carry energy from the motion of the electron which would come at the cost of shrinking of orbits. Ultimately the electrons would collapse in the nucleus. Calculations have shown that as per the Rutherford model, an electron would collapse in the nucleus in less than 10-8 seconds. So Rutherford model was not in accordance with Maxwell’s theory and could not explain the stability of an atom.

2.One of the drawbacks of the Rutherford model was also that he did not say anything about the arrangement of electrons in an atom which made his theory incomplete.

Limitations of Thomson’s Atomic Model:

1.Thomson’s atomic model failed to explain how the positive charge holds on the electrons inside the atom. It also failed to explain an atom’s stability.

2.The theory did not mention anything about the nucleus of an atom.

3.It was unable to explain the scattering experiment of Rutherford.