Question

What are the limitations of Rutherford’s model of the atom?​

Answer 1

Answer :-

Limitations of Rutherford model

1. An atom contains nucleus in it and also electrons revolving . So both should attract each other . But Rutherford explained that the electrostatic attraction is balaanced by centrifugal force allowing electron to revolve.

2. But according to maxwell electromagnetic theory if a charged particle moves in electric or magnetic field of another charged particle it loses energy and falls in to the nucleus within a few milliseconds following a spiral path so an atom should be unstable . But an atom is quite stable.

3. It didn't explain the arrangements of electrons in various shells .

Answer 2

• According to electromagnetic theory, an acceleration rated charged particle must radiate electromagnetic energy.

• An electron revolving around the nucleus is under continuous acceleration towards the center. It should continuously lose energy and move in orbits of gradually decreasing radii.

• The electron should follow a spiral path and finally it should collapse into the nucleus. Thus the Rutherford's model can't explain the stability of an atom.

• In Rutherford's model, an electron can revolve in orbits of all possible radii. So it should emit a continuous spectrum. But an atom like hydrogen always emits a discrete line spectrum.