Question

What are the limitations of the model of an atom proposed by J. J. Thomson? ​

Quality answer required!

Answer 1

According to J.J. Thomson’s model of an atom, an atom consists of a positively charged sphere with electrons embedded in it.

However, it was later found that the positively charged particles reside at the centre of the atom called the nucleus, and the electrons revolve around the nucleus.

Thomson's atomic model failed to explain how the positive charge holds on the electrons inside the atom.

It also failed to explain an atom's stability. The theory did not mention anything about the nucleus of an atom.

J.J Thomson's model of the atom could not explain the results of Alpha particle scattering experiment carried out by Rutherford.

That is J.J Thomson's model of the atom could not explain why most of the positively charged Alpha particles pass Straight through the gold foil ,a few Alpha particles are deflected through small and large angles, Whereas a very few Alpha particles completely rebound on hitting the gold foil and turn back on their path.

 J.J Thomson's model of the atom was just based on imagination it did not have any experimental evidence in its support like the Rutherford's Model of the atom.

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Answer 2

Limitations of model of an atom proposed by J.J. Thomson:-

• Thomson's atomic model was unable to explain the scattering experiment of Rutherford.

• It was failed to explain how the positive charge holds on the electrons inside the atom.

• The theory did not mention anything about the nucleus of an atom.

• It was failed to explain an atom's stability.