what are the main features of poltical parties.explain
Answers
In India there is multi Party system. And the number of political parties and groups is about 250 or more. The increase in member is because some of the leaders who get dissatisfied with the existing parties form a new party though not with an absolutely new program. Some political parties are formed around election time to have some share in political power and privileges etc.
Then another feature is that in the country even now there was single party dominant system. In spite of the fact that in the country there are many political parties, yet Congress dominates both at the center as well as in many of the states. Some states of course have non Congress governments but hold of the Congress Party over the country is very strong. Except the period 1977-1979 before its defeat in 1989 general elections to the Lok Sabha this party had remained in power at the Center all along. But now B.J.P. forms government with the help of other parties called N.D.A. and Congress in alliance with others as U.P.A. Another feature is that members of political parties do not observe strict discipline. There are always cases of taking disciplinary actions and expelling rebel members from the party. In disciplined members of one party are happily accepted by the other. It was because of this indiscipline that defections became quite common and Anti-Defection Act had to be passed.
In India Political parties are controlled by persons and families. Congress was controlled by Jawaharlal Nehru and his daughter Indira Gandhi. Later on by Rajiv Gandhi and his wife Sonia Gandhi whose son and daughter Rahul and Priyanka also controlled it. Following this R.J.D. is pocket party of Lalu Yadav, Samajwadi Party of Mulyam Singh Yadav, B.S.P. of Mayawati, D.M.K. of Karunanidhi and his, son, A.I.D.M.K. of Jayalalitha, National Conference of Shekh Abdullah’s family and Akali Dal of Prakash Singh Badal etc. and by families of Devi Lai. in Haryana and of Charan Singh in Meerut Division
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(2) Parties reflect fundamental political divisions in a society.
(3) Parties are a part of society and thus involve partisanship.
(4) Thus, a party is known by which part it stands for, which policies its supports and whose interests it upholds.
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