what are the main functions of The council of minister of India
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Firstly, it is in charge of administering all the subjects entrusted to the national government by the union list. Principal among these functions are providing for security and defence of the country, maintaining and conducting the nation’s foreign affairs, maintaining the system of communication within the country, keeping the national economy in good health, preserving and improving inter-state relations and a host of other things. Ministers are put in charge of administrative departments. The ministers are in reality political heads of administrative departments of governments. An elaborate bureaucracy conducts the day to day administration, under the political control of the ministers. Thus the Cabinet and the Prime Minister administers the country.
In the sphere of law making the cabinet is equally supreme and the President has only a formal role. The President is no doubt an integral part of the Parliament. The President addresses the joint sessions of the Parliament after every general election and at the beginning of each session of the Parliament. But the President only reads out the address drafted for him by the Cabinet. The President signs the bills passed by the Parliament into law. But the President does exactly what the cabinet asks him to do.
Again strictly constitutionally, the Parliament is the nation’s supreme law making body. But the Prime Minister and the cabinet have a firm control over the Parliamentary majority. Because of this majority support, the Prime Minister and the cabinet can make the Parliament pass whatever law, the Prime Minister wants the Parliament to pass. Conversely, the Parliament shall never pass a bill which the Prime Minister and the Cabinet oppose. Thus the law making powers of the Parliament is also the powers of the Cabinet.
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet also have an absolute control over the nation’s finances. The annual budget is prepared at the instance of the cabinet. The proposals for taxes and expenditures are really made by the Cabinet, and only formally approved by the Parliament.
Finally, Indian constitution is partially based on the theory of Parliamentary sovereignty. The sovereignty of the Parliament realistically means the sovereignty of the cabinet. Even the judiciary is not beyond cabinet control. Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed and transferred by the President on Cabinet advice. Similarly the President’s rights to grant pardon or reprieve or remission of sentences are also the powers of the Cabinet. Thus the Indian Cabinet, like its British counterpart enjoys powers of dictatorial dimensions.
In the sphere of law making the cabinet is equally supreme and the President has only a formal role. The President is no doubt an integral part of the Parliament. The President addresses the joint sessions of the Parliament after every general election and at the beginning of each session of the Parliament. But the President only reads out the address drafted for him by the Cabinet. The President signs the bills passed by the Parliament into law. But the President does exactly what the cabinet asks him to do.
Again strictly constitutionally, the Parliament is the nation’s supreme law making body. But the Prime Minister and the cabinet have a firm control over the Parliamentary majority. Because of this majority support, the Prime Minister and the cabinet can make the Parliament pass whatever law, the Prime Minister wants the Parliament to pass. Conversely, the Parliament shall never pass a bill which the Prime Minister and the Cabinet oppose. Thus the law making powers of the Parliament is also the powers of the Cabinet.
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet also have an absolute control over the nation’s finances. The annual budget is prepared at the instance of the cabinet. The proposals for taxes and expenditures are really made by the Cabinet, and only formally approved by the Parliament.
Finally, Indian constitution is partially based on the theory of Parliamentary sovereignty. The sovereignty of the Parliament realistically means the sovereignty of the cabinet. Even the judiciary is not beyond cabinet control. Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed and transferred by the President on Cabinet advice. Similarly the President’s rights to grant pardon or reprieve or remission of sentences are also the powers of the Cabinet. Thus the Indian Cabinet, like its British counterpart enjoys powers of dictatorial dimensions.
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governments.
Policy Making Functions:
The cabinet is a policy-formulating body. All kinds of policies, national, internal, external and international are thrashed out in the cabinet, which then presents them to the Parliament for approval. Once the policy has been determined by the cabinet, it is for the ministry/department concerned to carry it out.
A cabinet minister is in-charge of a specific ministry or department and it is his duty to administer the subjects included in his portfolio. In addition, he also shares a collective responsibility with other members of the cabinet for the overall policy for anything of high importance that is done in every branch of public business besides his own.
Laws Making Functions:
The Parliament is the repository of legislative authority and can enact repeal and amend legislation but m practice, it is the cabinet which takes initiative in legislative matters and directs Parliament. It is the cabinet which prepares the legislative measures, introduces them and pilots them through the two houses of Parliament.
Financial Functions:
The annual budget is prepared by the cabinet which determines what taxes are to be imposed and how the public revenues are to be spent. The Parliament, even the Lok Sabha is free to debate upon and discuss all items of the budget but it can hardly make any substantive change in it unless the government agrees to such a change. An adverse vote in Parliament on any money bill is deemed to be an expression of censure of the cabinet which may result in its resignation.
Administrative Functions:
All major appointments reserved for action by the President under the Constitution, e.g., Attorney-General, members of the Union Public Service Commission, Chief Election Commissioner, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Governors of states, etc., are made by him on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the minister of the department concerned.
The Secretary is responsible for carrying out the policies laid down by the cabinet and approved by the Parliament. He can instruct the departmental functionaries and supervise their working. A minister is expected to face questions in the Parliament. He may or may not abide by the advice of his civil servants but he should see to it that the civil servant’s freedom to advise is not curtailed.
Coordination Functions:
Policy Making Functions:
The cabinet is a policy-formulating body. All kinds of policies, national, internal, external and international are thrashed out in the cabinet, which then presents them to the Parliament for approval. Once the policy has been determined by the cabinet, it is for the ministry/department concerned to carry it out.
A cabinet minister is in-charge of a specific ministry or department and it is his duty to administer the subjects included in his portfolio. In addition, he also shares a collective responsibility with other members of the cabinet for the overall policy for anything of high importance that is done in every branch of public business besides his own.
Laws Making Functions:
The Parliament is the repository of legislative authority and can enact repeal and amend legislation but m practice, it is the cabinet which takes initiative in legislative matters and directs Parliament. It is the cabinet which prepares the legislative measures, introduces them and pilots them through the two houses of Parliament.
Financial Functions:
The annual budget is prepared by the cabinet which determines what taxes are to be imposed and how the public revenues are to be spent. The Parliament, even the Lok Sabha is free to debate upon and discuss all items of the budget but it can hardly make any substantive change in it unless the government agrees to such a change. An adverse vote in Parliament on any money bill is deemed to be an expression of censure of the cabinet which may result in its resignation.
Administrative Functions:
All major appointments reserved for action by the President under the Constitution, e.g., Attorney-General, members of the Union Public Service Commission, Chief Election Commissioner, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Governors of states, etc., are made by him on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the minister of the department concerned.
The Secretary is responsible for carrying out the policies laid down by the cabinet and approved by the Parliament. He can instruct the departmental functionaries and supervise their working. A minister is expected to face questions in the Parliament. He may or may not abide by the advice of his civil servants but he should see to it that the civil servant’s freedom to advise is not curtailed.
Coordination Functions:
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