what are the main means of irrigation in our country
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Irrigation is important in a country like India because of the following reasons:
i. Monsoons in India are uneven, erratic in nature and hence unreliable. While it may
rain well during one year, another year the rainfall may be scarce. Hence irrigation is necessary despite the monsoons.
ii. To maximise production, it is important to irrigate crops. Depending on rainfall does not always result in high production.
i. Monsoons in India are uneven, erratic in nature and hence unreliable. While it may
rain well during one year, another year the rainfall may be scarce. Hence irrigation is necessary despite the monsoons.
ii. To maximise production, it is important to irrigate crops. Depending on rainfall does not always result in high production.
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the main methods of irrigation in our country are -
primitive methods- Wells, tanks,inundation canals.
wells- used in majorly places where soil is soft enough to allow fr the digging of Wells . they can irrigate upto upto a few hectares and can't be used in the dry season.
tanks- used mostly in peninsular india, tanks are constructed in places where the underlying soil is non-porous.
inundation canals- they are constructed mainly in places that receive a lot of rainfall. their main source of water is from the rainfall.
Mordern methods- perennial canals, tube Wells, multipurpose projects and sprinkler irrigation.
tube well- they are constructed in places where the soil is rich in underground water and nutrients to overcome the cost of construction. they require regular cheap electric supply but are useful as they require very small space and cn irrigate irrigate a large space.
perennial canals are the canals from which water can be drawn throughout the year and are constructed by sealing the ground underneath to prevent seepage of water under ground.
sprinkler irrigation is mainly practised in hilly regions nd semi arid regions. it is quite expensive but prevent water loss through seepage underground and through the evaporation.
multipurpose projects serve multiple projects simultaneously. they are constructed by constructing large dams across rivers. in this system the river channel is treated as a single unit and development is as as whole based. they are useful in preventing soil and water erosion and also help in generating electricity and promote fishing. For eg bhakhra nangal dam on satluj river and hirakud project on mahanadi river.
hope this helps...
primitive methods- Wells, tanks,inundation canals.
wells- used in majorly places where soil is soft enough to allow fr the digging of Wells . they can irrigate upto upto a few hectares and can't be used in the dry season.
tanks- used mostly in peninsular india, tanks are constructed in places where the underlying soil is non-porous.
inundation canals- they are constructed mainly in places that receive a lot of rainfall. their main source of water is from the rainfall.
Mordern methods- perennial canals, tube Wells, multipurpose projects and sprinkler irrigation.
tube well- they are constructed in places where the soil is rich in underground water and nutrients to overcome the cost of construction. they require regular cheap electric supply but are useful as they require very small space and cn irrigate irrigate a large space.
perennial canals are the canals from which water can be drawn throughout the year and are constructed by sealing the ground underneath to prevent seepage of water under ground.
sprinkler irrigation is mainly practised in hilly regions nd semi arid regions. it is quite expensive but prevent water loss through seepage underground and through the evaporation.
multipurpose projects serve multiple projects simultaneously. they are constructed by constructing large dams across rivers. in this system the river channel is treated as a single unit and development is as as whole based. they are useful in preventing soil and water erosion and also help in generating electricity and promote fishing. For eg bhakhra nangal dam on satluj river and hirakud project on mahanadi river.
hope this helps...
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