What are the main objectives and functions of WHO. Explain in 300 words
Answers
Answer: The World Health Organization (WHO) came into being in the year 1948 on the 7th of April, which also was celebrated as the first World Health Day. Its headquarters was, and still is, based in Geneva, Switzerland. It is a well endowed subsidiary of the United Nations Organization (UNO). Incidentally, it was Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India who proposed the establishment of such an organization. Its basic function is to take the world's health matters in its hands and is responsible for the coordinating efforts to generally improve public health all throughout the world. The World Trade Organization also aims at providing each and every human being on earth access to fundamental and vital healthcare. Eradication of poverty and diseases is also on the top most agenda of the WHO.
Formation Structure and Working of the World Health Organization(WHO):
The WHO constitutes of all the 191 United Nations members and also the self governing islands Cook Islands and Niue. The WHO also has got what are known as Associate Members. These Associate Members such as Tokelau and Puerto Rico have the same right to complete information as the other member states. However their rights to vote in WHO assemblies are curbed. A few other states have been granted the observer status. There are currently only 4 such states and they comprise of the Vatican City, the Chinese Taipei, The Order of Malta and Palestine. The observer status is conferred upon these states by the World Health Assembly and the criteria governing this appointment are that the states have to have a responsible contribution to health issues. It may also be noted that such members can also be an organization regardless of whether it's government funded or otherwise. All of the member states send delegates who represent the respective member for the World Health Assembly, the supreme power of the World Health Organization. The World Health Assembly has an annual meeting in the month of May and its primary functions are approval of the WHO curriculum and also to set the WHO budget for the next two years. Another of its functions is to study dominant policy queries and to decide the course of plan.
Objectives of the World Health Organization (WHO):
To create an interface between the developed and developing nations when
pertaining to health issues.
To patronize and support health programs in developing nations.
To periodically formulate health policies that are readily endorsed by
nations.
To coordinate and oversee the procurement of health services.
To immerse in disease inspection and analysis.
To involve itself in promoting health and also to impart health education.
To collaborate with governments and administrations all over the world to
endorse health promotional programs.
The primary impediment for a human being to get access to proper medical assistance and healthcare is the question of financial prowess. Along with this obtrusion comes the complication of proximity of the health centers. Salubrious health is mandatory for man's welfare and providing it economically is amongst the World Health Organization's primary motives. Following the footsteps of the WHO, all the member states of the WHO look forward to implementing various schemes and programs to ensure every citizen has a passage to the best healthcare services. With a view to provide the member nations a definite planning avenue, the World Health Organization came out with its leading publication, the 'World Health Report' which was first published in the year 1995. The health report basically chalks out how a member nation can proceed in terms of changing their financial artifices appropriately; so as to speed up the process of attaining the objective of 'universal coverage' that is providing healthcare services to all and sundry. The next step after achieving this goal is, like any successful endeavor, to sustain the achievement endlessly. The basis for these reports is research findings and developments, and lessons from past experiences of plan implementation. The world health report provides vital data and procedures for all member nations regardless of their developing stages in healthcare issues, and proposes paths in which the global community can work together so that the lesser fortunate nations get adequate healthcare coverage. Each year, the World Health Report provides a specialized and sophisticated appraisal on international health, including details pertaining to all nations concentrating on a particular topic. The Health Report provides basic background foundational information upon which nations can formulate policy and funding decisions. Any organization, university, professional or for that matter anyone with a personal interest in the issues of world health can avail of the World Health Report.
Answer:
Explanation:
WHO's main functions can be summed up as follows: to act as a directing and coordinating authority on international health work, to ensure valid and productive technical cooperation, and to promote research.
The objective of WHO is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health, as defined in the WHO Constitution, is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In support of its main objective, the organization has a wide range of functions, including the following:
To act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work;
To promote technical cooperation;
To assist Governments, upon request, in strengthening health services;
To furnish appropriate technical assistance and, in emergencies, necessary aid, upon the request or acceptance of Governments;
To stimulate and advance work on the prevention and control of epidemic, endemic, and other diseases;
To promote, in cooperation with other specialized agencies where necessary, the improvement of nutrition, housing, sanitation, recreation, economic or working conditions, and other aspects of environmental hygiene;
To promote and coordinate biomedical and health services research;
To promote improved standards of teaching and training in the health, medical and related professions;
To establish and stimulate the establishment of international standards for biological, pharmaceutical, and similar products, and to standardize diagnostic procedures;
To foster activities in the field of mental health, especially those activities affecting the harmony of human relations.
WHO also proposes conventions, agreements, and regulations and makes recommendations about international nomenclature of diseases, causes of death, and public health practices. It develops, establishes, and promotes international standards concerning foods and biological, pharmaceutical, and similar substances.