Question

what are the main reason behind french revolution?¿​

Answer 1

$\huge\bold\green{Reason:-}$

• 1. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state

• 2. Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.

• 3. The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.

• 4. Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie

• 5. Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI

• 6. Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.

Answer 2

Answer:

There were various reasons which brought about the Revolution. These include intellectual reasons like the ideas put forward by the philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment; cultural reasons like the rise of the bourgeoisie class; political reasons like the ineffective leadership of French monarch Louis XVI; social reasons like the unjust Estates System; financial reasons like French involvement in expensive wars; and economic reasons like the rise in price of bread. Here are the 10 major causes of the French Revolution.

#1 SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN FRANCE DUE TO THE ESTATES SYSTEM

In the 1780s, the population of France was around 24 million and 700 thousand and it was divided into three estates. The First Estate was the Roman Catholic clergy, which numbered about 100,000.

#2 TAX BURDEN ON THE THIRD ESTATE

The First Estate in France, or the clergy, owned 10% of the land though it comprised less than 0.5% of the population. It was very wealthy and paid no taxes. It had many privileges, including the collection of tithes.

#3 THE RISE OF THE BOURGEOISIE

The bourgeoisie were the rich men and women of the Third Estate who started to become influential in the years leading to the revolution.

#4 IDEAS PUT FORWARD BY ENLIGHTENMENT PHILOSOPHERS

The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century. Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Baron de Montesquieu questioned the traditional absolute authority of the monarch and divisions of society like the Estates System.

#5 FINANCIAL CRISIS CAUSED DUE TO COSTLY WARS

Throughout the 18th century, France participated in a series of expensive wars primarily against its long-term rival Great Britain. Louis XV, who ruled over France from 1715 to 1774, lost the Seven Years’ War against Britain.

Hope this helps... : )

HAPPY LEARNING....!!