what are the major achievements of the middle stage of human society
Answers
Social development theory attempts to explain qualitative changes in the structure and framework of society, that help the society to better realize aims and objectives. Development can be defined in a manner applicable to all societies at all historical periods as an upward ascending movement featuring greater levels of energy, efficiency, quality, productivity, complexity, comprehension, creativity, mastery, enjoyment and accomplishment.[1] Development is a process of social change, not merely a set of policies and programs instituted for some specific results. During the last five centuries this process has picked up in speed and intensity, and during the last five decades has witnessed a marked surge in acceleration.[2]
The basic mechanism driving social change is increasing awareness leading to better organization. When society senses new and better opportunities for progress it develops new forms of organization to exploit these new openings successfully. The new forms of organization are better able to harness the available social energies and skills and resources to use the opportunities to get the intended results.
Development is governed by many factors that influence the results of developmental efforts. There must be a motive that drives the social change and essential preconditions for that change to occur. The motive must be powerful enough to overcome obstructions that impede that change from occurring. Development also requires resources such as capital, technology, and supporting infrastructure.
Explanation:
Chapter TwoDevelopment of Human SocietiesHistorians and other social scientists, using various models and criteria, have defined several stages of societal development. Some of them have made the list lengthy; others have made it short. However, historians seem to acknowledge that the two greatest revolutions in human history are the agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution. They also acknowledge that those two revolutions have had the greatest impact on human ways of living and states of living, or on peoples’ cultures and economic conditions. There is also an agreement on at least three major stages of societal development, or civilizations: the pre-agricultural, or the hunting and gathering stage, the agricultural stage, and the industrial stage. Nevertheless, a growing number of historians and social scientists suggest that the information and communications revolutions of the 1980s represent another great revolution that is destined to transform both the ways of living and the states of living of people everywhere.Changes that mature industrial societies, like the American society, have begun to experience in the 1990s have led some thinkers to herald the arrival of a new stage of societal development. This new, yet to be defined stage, is often referred to as the post-industrial age, the information age, or the globalization age. I call it the “knowledge age,” because knowledge including new scientific discoveries, recent technological developments and innovations and their sociocultural and political and economic implications is fundamentally changing the ways of living and states of living of almost all societies in the world, not just the mature industrial ones