Question

what are the major differences between metals and non metals?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity but non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Metals are ductile in nature i.e. it can be drawn into thin wires. But non-metals are not ductile. Metals are malleable but non-metals are not malleable.

Metals and non-metals are substances that can be differentiated on the basis of various physical and chemical properties. Metals are the elements that are generally hard as strong metallic bond exists between the atoms. As against non-metals are the elements which are usually soft.

Generally, the elements containing 1,2 or 3 electrons in the valence shell of their structure are known as metals. While the elements with 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in their outermost shell are known as non-metals.

A large number of elements present in the periodic table are metals while a minority of elements in the periodic table are non-metals.

• Metals are considered to be electropositive in nature due to their ability to donate electrons. Whereas non-metals are electronegative as they generally accept electrons.

• Metals are generally found in solid-state but non-metals exist in all the 3 states of matter i.e., solid, liquid and gas.

• Metals shows the property of malleability while non-metals are non-malleable.

• Metals are generally those substances that have a shiny surface and thus are lustrous. Whereas non-metals have non-shiny appearance and thus falls under the category of non-lustrous substances.

• The bond formed between metals is said to be metallic bonding. While the bond formed between two non-metals is a covalent bond.

• Metal possesses high tensile strength as there exists strong attraction between molecules. However, due to weak intermolecular forces, the tensile strength of non-metals is low.

• Metals holds the left side position on the periodic table. But non-metals are usually found on the right side in the periodic table.

• Metals exhibit high melting and boiling point except mercury. As against the melting and boiling point of non-metals are generally low except carbon and silicon.

• Metals show the property of ductility as can be easily drawn into wires on applying force. However, non-metals are not ductile but carbon is a non-metal that exhibits ductility.

• Usually, metals are referred as cations while non-metals as anions.

• Metals are said to be good reducing-agents. But non-metals are referred as good oxidizing-agent.

• Metals possess very high density in comparison to non-metals.

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