Question

what are the material and intellectual ideas that went to emergence of sociology? explain.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Influenced by scientific theories of natural evolution, travellers, colonial administrators etc., sought to categorise societies into types and distinguish stages in social development.

evolutionary vision assuming that the west was the most advanced and civilised.

Darwin's ideas about organic evolution was a dominant influence on early sociological thought.

Looking at society of different parts, each part playing a given function influenced the study of sociological institutions, eg, family or school and structures such as stratification.

Intellectual ideas that went into making of society ; have a direct bearing on how sociology studies empirical reality.

enlightenment, causing people to think logically.

These are the reasons where intellectual ideas wheat into making of sociology.

Answer 2

1. Early sociologists were influenced by the scientific theory of natural evolutions and the research about pre-modern societies.
2. These sociologists classified different types of society into two—pre-modern society consisting of hunter, gatherers, peasents and non-industrial civilisations and modern society based on industrial society.
3. The sociologists also regarded the western civilisation as advanced and civilised group on the other hand regarded the non-western societies as less developed and barbaric.
4. Charles Darwin idea of organic evolution was dominant among the thought process and society was often compared as living organism.
5. With scientific revolution in the late 17th and 18th centuries, reasoning and idea of individualism was developed.
6. The thinkers of society belief that education can solve the social evils of the society and considers sociology as an important discipline that would contribute to the welfare of humanity.
7. The material issues involve the idea of capitalism where new attitudes and institutions are formed in order to have sustained and systematic way to generate profit.
8. With industrialization and capitalism urban center also expanded which created a new social order and social change.
9. The factory and its mechanical division of labour deliberately destroyed the old system of handicraft, family and local community. The mechanical lifestyle also created breaking away from the family and society.
10. The emergence of modern society also led to creating a atmosphere where work will be full of deadlines and target and it will be based on the clock time and the production process implies phrase, punctuality and time management.