what are the measures to undertaken to give equal education
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Answer:
Government took many steps to bring educational equality: 1.they started many schemes like mid-day program, bridge ...
government took many steps to bring educational equality:1.they started many schemes like mid-day program, bridge course etc.2.they started navodaya vidhyalaya ...
Explanation:
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1. Subject wise learning
In order to focus on quality education, the Central rules to the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 have been amended to include reference on class-wise, subject-wise learning outcomes. The learning outcomes for each class in languages (Hindi, English and Urdu), mathematics, environmental studies, science and social science up to the elementary stage have, accordingly, been finalized and shared with all states and UTs. These would serve as a guideline for state and UTs to ensure that all children acquire appropriate learning level.
2. National Achievement Survey (NAS)
The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) conducts periodic national surveys of learning achievement of children in classes 3, 5, 8 and 10. Four rounds of National Achievement Survey (NAS) have been conducted so far for class 5 and three rounds for classes 3 and 8. These reveal improvement in learning achievement levels of pupils, in identified subjects from first round to fourth round.
Further, a National Achievement Survey based on learning outcomes was conducted for classes 3, 5 and 8 on November 13, 2017 with a sample frame upto district level to enable states/UTs to identify gaps in learning outcomes at district level and design strategies to address those gaps.
Similarly, NAS for Class 10 was conducted on February 5, 2018. NAS Reports show students' learning levels against the expected learning outcomes of a particular grade and are used to provide feedback to the districts for further improvement.
3. Minimum qualification of teachers
3. Section 23(2) of the RTE Act has been amended to extend the period of in-service training for untrained elementary teachers to March 31, 2019 in all the states and UTs.
As per the above amendment, all untrained in-service teachers working in government, government- aided, and private un-aided schools should acquire minimum qualification as laid down by an academic authority, authorized by the Central Government, by March 31, 2019.
The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) was entrusted to conduct this training through ODL (Open Distance Learning) mode. The online D.El.Ed. course has been started from October 3, 2017 and completed on March 31, 2019.
4. BEd degree structure
A four year BEd integrated course to bring about qualitative improvement in teacher education programmes in India has been conceptualised and regulations for this course have been published in official gazette on March 29, 2019 and applications have been invited w.e.f. June 31, 2019.
The model curriculum prepared for this course includes crucial aspects like gender, inclusive education, ICT, yoga, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) and Health & Sanitation. The teaching specialization would primarily be for the primary levels and the secondary level.
5. Quality education
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act, 2018 has been notified on January 11, 2019. The said Act provides to empower the appropriate government to take a decision as to whether to hold back a child in class 5 or in class 8 or in both the classes, or not to hold back a child in any class till the completion of elementary education. The Act seeks to improve the learning levels of children and will lead to greater accountability and improvement in the quality of education.
6. Equality in education
6. The Central Government has launched an integrated scheme for school education named as Samagra Shiksha, w.e.f. 2018-19 which subsumes the three erstwhile Centrally Sponsored schemes of school education i.e Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA), and Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Teacher Education (CSSTE).
The common objectives of all these schemes were to enhance access, to promote equity through the inclusion of disadvantaged groups and weaker sections and to improve the quality of education. The new integrated scheme envisages school education as a continuum from pre-school to senior secondary level and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels.
7. International exposure
Government of India has decided to participate in the programme for International Students Assessment (PISA) to be conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in 2021.
PISA is a competency based assessment which unlike content based assessment, measures the extent to which students have acquired key competencies that are essential for full participation in modern societies.
Learnings from participation in PISA help to introduce competency based examination reforms in the school system and help move away from rote learning. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and NCERT are a part of the process and activities leading to the actual test.
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