Question

what are the methods of contrucation ? explain any two​

Answer 1

Explanation:

$\begin{gathered}\begin{gathered}\begin{gathered}\sf Trigonometry\: Table \\ \begin{gathered}\begin{gathered}\begin{gathered}\begin{gathered}\boxed{\boxed{\begin{array}{ |c |c|c|c|c|c|} \bf\angle A & \bf{0}^{ \circ} & \bf{30}^{ \circ} & \bf{45}^{ \circ} & \bf{60}^{ \circ} & \bf{90}^{ \circ} \\ \\ \rm sin A & 0 & \dfrac{1}{2}& \dfrac{1}{ \sqrt{2} } & \dfrac{ \sqrt{3}}{2} &1 \\ \\ \rm cos \: A & 1 & \dfrac{ \sqrt{3} }{2}& \dfrac{1}{ \sqrt{2} } & \dfrac{1}{2} &0 \\ \\ \rm tan A & 0 & \dfrac{1}{ \sqrt{3} }&1 & \sqrt{3} & \rm \infty \\ \\ \rm cosec A & \rm \infty & 2& \sqrt{2} & \dfrac{2}{ \sqrt{3} } &1 \\ \\ \rm sec A & 1 & \dfrac{2}{ \sqrt{3} }& \sqrt{2} & 2 & \rm \infty \\ \\ \rm cot A & \rm \infty & \sqrt{3} & 1 & \dfrac{1}{ \sqrt{3} } & 0\end{array}}}\end{gathered}\end{gathered}\end{gathered} \end{gathered}\end{gathered}\end{gathered}\end{gathered}$

Answer 2

Answer:

The claims in construction field is the term used for asking for payment of any job done by the contractor to the client. The monthly billing of work done against the BOQ is also a claim. Beside this monthly billing, there are other claims like as below:-

i) Extra Work - The work which is beyond the contractual scope, suppose for a highway project, a contractor for constructing the main carraigeway he has diverted the traffic by providing a diversion road, the cost incurred to construct the diversion road can be claimed to the client as an extra work.

ii) Delay Due To Client’s Fault- Basically, when client fails to provide clear front to the contractor and if due to this the project duration gets change, the contractor may claim idle charges of his resources and the overstay of his liabilities. The client may also claim delay charges from the contractor due to the delay caused by the contractor.

iii) Claims For Escalation - Due to the hike in price of the various components the costing of the project also increases, that cost which exceeds from the initial budget can be claimed to the client as per the contract signed between the parties.

iv) Claim Against Insurances - The loss which a contractor faces due to natural calamities, theft or other accidents can be claimed to the insurance party or to the client depending upon the contractual agreement.

v) Claim For Time Issues - If a contractor asked by his client to complete a project much before the date of scheduled completion date, the amount spent by the contractor to deploy extra resources to complete the project before date can be claimed from the client.

There are lots of other claims which can be known only by studying and understanding the contract agreement.

Explanation:

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