What are the methods to charge an object
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Methods of charging
The process of supplying the electric charge (electrons) to an object or losing the electric charge (electrons) from an object is called charging. An uncharged object can be charged in different ways.
Charging by frictionCharging by conductionCharging by induction
Charging by friction
When an object is rubbed over another object, the electrons get transferred from one object to another. This transfer of electrons takes place due to friction between the two objects. The object that transfers electrons loses negative charge (electrons) and the object that accepts electrons gains negative charge (electrons).
Hence, the object that gains extra electrons becomes negatively charged and the object that loses electrons becomes positively charged. Thus, the two objects get charged by friction. The charge obtained on the two objects is called friction charge. This method of charging an object is called electrification by friction.
Charging by conduction
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing it in contact with another charged object is called charging by conduction.
A charged object has unequal number of negative (electrons) and positive charges (protons). Hence, when a charged object is brought in contact with the uncharged conductor, the electrons get transferred from charged object to the conductor.
Consider an uncharged metal rod A kept on an insulating stand and a negatively charged conductor B as shown in below figure (1).

If we touch the uncharged conductor A with the negatively charged conductor B, transfer of electrons from charged conductor to uncharged conductor takes place. Hence, uncharged conductor gains extra electrons and charged conductor loses electrons. Thus, uncharged conductor A becomes negatively charged by gaining of extra electrons.
Similarly, uncharged conductor becomes positively charged if it is brought in contact with positively charged conductor.
Charging by induction
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing another charged object near to it, but not touching it, is called charging by induction.
Consider an uncharged metal sphere and negatively charged plastic rod as shown in below figure (1). If we bring the negatively charged plastic rod near to uncharged sphere as shown in below fig (2), charge separation occurs.

The positive charges in the sphere get attracted towards the plastic rod and move to one end of the sphere that is closer to the plastic rod. Similarly, negative charges get repelled from the plastic rod and move to another end of the sphere that is farther away from the plastic rod. Thus, the charges in the sphere rearrange themselves in a way that all the positive charges are nearer to the plastic rod and all the negative charges are farther away from it.
The process of supplying the electric charge (electrons) to an object or losing the electric charge (electrons) from an object is called charging. An uncharged object can be charged in different ways.
Charging by frictionCharging by conductionCharging by induction
Charging by friction
When an object is rubbed over another object, the electrons get transferred from one object to another. This transfer of electrons takes place due to friction between the two objects. The object that transfers electrons loses negative charge (electrons) and the object that accepts electrons gains negative charge (electrons).
Hence, the object that gains extra electrons becomes negatively charged and the object that loses electrons becomes positively charged. Thus, the two objects get charged by friction. The charge obtained on the two objects is called friction charge. This method of charging an object is called electrification by friction.
Charging by conduction
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing it in contact with another charged object is called charging by conduction.
A charged object has unequal number of negative (electrons) and positive charges (protons). Hence, when a charged object is brought in contact with the uncharged conductor, the electrons get transferred from charged object to the conductor.
Consider an uncharged metal rod A kept on an insulating stand and a negatively charged conductor B as shown in below figure (1).

If we touch the uncharged conductor A with the negatively charged conductor B, transfer of electrons from charged conductor to uncharged conductor takes place. Hence, uncharged conductor gains extra electrons and charged conductor loses electrons. Thus, uncharged conductor A becomes negatively charged by gaining of extra electrons.
Similarly, uncharged conductor becomes positively charged if it is brought in contact with positively charged conductor.
Charging by induction
The process of charging the uncharged object by bringing another charged object near to it, but not touching it, is called charging by induction.
Consider an uncharged metal sphere and negatively charged plastic rod as shown in below figure (1). If we bring the negatively charged plastic rod near to uncharged sphere as shown in below fig (2), charge separation occurs.

The positive charges in the sphere get attracted towards the plastic rod and move to one end of the sphere that is closer to the plastic rod. Similarly, negative charges get repelled from the plastic rod and move to another end of the sphere that is farther away from the plastic rod. Thus, the charges in the sphere rearrange themselves in a way that all the positive charges are nearer to the plastic rod and all the negative charges are farther away from it.
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There are three ways to charge an object: friction, conduction and induction. Friction involves rubbing on material with another, resulting in electrons moving from one surface to another.
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