what are the methods to express the scale
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Scale is the ratio or proportion between dimensions on the map and the dimensions between the two corresponding points on the ground. The different types of scales are:
(a) Statement (or command):
A map may be drawn in which one centimeter represents the distance of one kilometer on the earth. The scale of the map is 1 cm to 1 km or 1 cm to 5 km.
(b) Representative fraction (RF):
The scale of the map may be indicated by a fraction or ratio in which the numerator is 1Distance on the map
The RF of a map is indicated as 1/1, 00,000 or 1: 1, 00,000. This means one unit of distance on the map equals 1, 00,000 units on the ground.
The RF is independent of any particular unit of measurement; hence, it can be interpreted by any country whatever- the unit of measurement it is using. For example, the above scale of the map means 1 cm to 1, 00,000 cm, i.e., 1 cm to 1 km.
(c) Linear scale (Graphical scale):
It consists of a straight line of 10 cm or 15 cm conveniently graduated in terms of distances on the earth, e.g., kilometers. Actual distances between any two places on the map may be measured by the linear scale.
A pair of dividers or a piece of string may be used to measure the distances on the map and then the corresponding distances may be measured from the linear scale. One sub-division of the linear scale is further sub-divided, to measure the distances more accurately.
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(a) Statement (or command):
A map may be drawn in which one centimeter represents the distance of one kilometer on the earth. The scale of the map is 1 cm to 1 km or 1 cm to 5 km.
(b) Representative fraction (RF):
The scale of the map may be indicated by a fraction or ratio in which the numerator is 1Distance on the map
The RF of a map is indicated as 1/1, 00,000 or 1: 1, 00,000. This means one unit of distance on the map equals 1, 00,000 units on the ground.
The RF is independent of any particular unit of measurement; hence, it can be interpreted by any country whatever- the unit of measurement it is using. For example, the above scale of the map means 1 cm to 1, 00,000 cm, i.e., 1 cm to 1 km.
(c) Linear scale (Graphical scale):
It consists of a straight line of 10 cm or 15 cm conveniently graduated in terms of distances on the earth, e.g., kilometers. Actual distances between any two places on the map may be measured by the linear scale.
A pair of dividers or a piece of string may be used to measure the distances on the map and then the corresponding distances may be measured from the linear scale. One sub-division of the linear scale is further sub-divided, to measure the distances more accurately.
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The methods to express the scale are Fractional or Ratio scale, Linear scale, Verbal scale and Changed scale.
Explanation:
- In a map, a scale can be defined as the ratio of the actual ground to that of its representation on the map.
- When a fraction of an object or land features are shown on the map then it is called a Fractional or Ratio Scale.
- When the distance between two or more prominent landmarks is shown then it is called a Linear Scale.
- In the case of the Verbal Scale simple words to describe a prominent surface feature are used.
- When large ratios are under consideration such as
under that condition Changed scales are used.
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