Question

What are the names of enzymes that act on carbohydrates to change into glucose and their intermediate products

Answer 1

maltase,sucrase,lactase are the enzymes which changes carbohydrates into glucose

Answer 2

Salivary Amylase

Chewing breaks food into small molecules that combine with saliva secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth. Along with mucin and buffers, saliva contains the enzyme salivary amylase, which acts on the starch in food and breaks it down to maltose. Salivary amylase continues for the short duration that the carbohydrates are in the mouth, after which the mixture of the partially digested carbohydrates travels down the esophagus into the stomach. Due to the inhibition of salivary amylase activity by the acidic gastric juices, digestion of carbohydrates does not occur in the stomach.

Pancreatic Amylase and Maltase

As the combination of gastric juices and partially digested food enters the small intestine, the pancreas secretes pancreatic juices, which contain the enzyme pancreatic amylase. This enzyme acts on the remaining polysaccharides and breaks them into disaccharide units of maltose. In the final step of complex carbohydrate digestion, the enzyme maltase present in the lining of the small intestine breaks maltose into two units of glucose. Glucose is then absorbed and enters the bloodstream.

Sucrase and Lactase

Two additional enzymes present in the small intestine digest other disaccharides in foods. The enzyme sucrase digests sucrose or table sugar into its constituent units of glucose and fructose, while lactase breaks lactose or milk sugar into glucose and galactose. These monosaccharides are absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver through blood. As the human body can only utilize glucose as a source of energy, the liver converts fructose and galactose into glucose. Glucose either becomes a source of immediate energy or is stored in the liver and muscles in the form of glycogen.