What are the opportunities in presidential system?
Answers
Explanation:
A presidential system is democratic and republican government in which a head of government leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch. This head of government is in most cases also the head of state, which is called president.
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World's states coloured by form of government1
Full presidential republics2 Semi-presidential republics2
Republics with an executive president elected by or nominated by the legislature that may or may not be subject to parliamentary confidence. Parliamentary republics2
Parliamentary constitutional monarchies Constitutional monarchies which have a separate head of government but where royalty still hold significant executive and/or legislative power
Absolute monarchies One-party states
Countries where constitutional provisions for government have been suspended (e.g. military dictatorships) Countries which do not fit any of the above systems
1This map was compiled according to the Wikipedia list of countries by system of government. See there for sources. 2Several states constitutionally deemed to be multiparty republics are broadly described by outsiders as authoritarian states. This map presents only the de jure form of government, and not the de facto degree of democracy.
In presidential countries, the executive is elected and is not responsible to the legislature, which cannot in normal circumstances dismiss it. Such dismissal is possible, however, in uncommon cases, often through impeachment.
The title "president" has persisted from a time when such person personally presided over the governing body, as with the President of the Continental Congress in the early United States, prior to the executive function being split into a separate branch of government.
A presidential system contrasts with a parliamentary system, where the head of government comes to power by gaining the confidence of an elected legislature. There are also hybrid systems such as semi-presidentialism.
Countries that feature a presidential or semi-presidential system of government are not the exclusive users of the title of president. Heads of state of parliamentary republics, largely ceremonial in most cases, are called presidents. Dictators or leaders of one-party states, whether popularly elected or not, are also often called presidents.
Presidentialism is the dominant form of government in the mainland Americas, with 19 of its 22 sovereign states being presidential republics, the exceptions being Canada, Belize, and Suriname (South America is also the only continent in the world to have no monarchies). It is also prevalent in Central and southern West Africa and in Central Asia. There are few presidential republics in Europe, with Belarus and Cyprus being the only examples. Oceania also has no presidential republics.