Question

What are the part of the eye define it parts and mention it?

Answer 1

part of eye includes cornea. retina.pupil.ciliary muscles. optic nerve

Answer 2

$\red{MAJOR\: PARTS \:OF \:EYE}$:----

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1⃣Sclera

The sclera is the white of the eye. "Don't shoot until you see their scleras."

Exterior is smooth and white

Interior is brown and grooved

Extremely durable

Flexibility adds strength

Continuous with sheath of optic nerve

Tendons attached to it

2⃣The Cornea

The cornea is the clear bulging surface in front of the eye. It is the main refractive surface of the eye.

Primary refractive surface of the eye

Index of refraction: n = 1.37

Normally transparent and uniformly thick

Nearly avascular

Richly supplied with nerve fibers

Sensitive to foreign bodies, cold air, chemical irritation

Nutrition from aqueous humor and

Tears maintain oxygen exchange and water content

Tears prevent scattering and improve optical quality

3⃣Anterior & Posterior Chambers

The anterior chamber is between the cornea and the iris

The posterior chamber is between the iris and the lens

Contains the aqueous humor

Index of refraction: n = 1.33

Specific viscosity of the aqueous just over 1.0 (like water, hence the name)

Pressure of 15-18 mm of mercury maintains shape of eye and spacing of the elements

Aqueous humor generated from blood plasma

Renewal requires about an hour

Glaucoma is a result of the increased fluid pressure in the eye due to the reduction or blockage of aqueous from the anterior to posterior chambers.

4⃣Iris/Pupil

Iris is heavily pigmented

Sphincter muscle to constrict or dilate the pupil

Pupil is the hole through which light passes

Pupil diameter ranges from about 3-7 mm

Area of 7-38 square mm (factor of 5)

Eye color (brown, green, blue, etc.) dependent on amount and distribution of the pigment melanin

5⃣Lens

Transparent body enclosed in an elastic capsule

Made up of proteins and water

Consists of layers, like an onion, with firm nucleus, soft corner .
Young person can change shape of the lens via ciliary muscles

Contraction of muscle causes lens to bulge

At roughly age 50, the lens can no longer change shape

Becomes more yellow with age: Cataracts

The graph on the right shows the optical density (-log transmittance) of the lens as a function of wavelength. The curves show the change in density with age. More short wavelength light is blocked at increases ages.

6⃣Retina

Notice the orientation of the retina in the eye. The center of the eyeball is towards the bottom of this figure and the back of the eyeball is towards the top. Light enters from the bottom in this figure.

The light has to pass through many layers of cells before finally reaching the photoreceptors. The photoreceptors are where the light is absorbed and and transformed into the electrochemical signals used by the nervous system. This change is called.
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