Chemistry, asked by Dia095, 8 months ago

What are the physical properties of group 15 and 16 elements?

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Answers

Answered by ananyarashmitrivedi
1

Answer:

Explanation:

Grp 15:

Property Nitrogen Phosphorus Arsenic Antimony Bismuth

Atomic symbol N P As Sb Bi

Atomic number 7 15 33 51 83

Atomic mass (amu) 14.01 30.97 74.92 121.76 209.98

Valence electron configuration [He]2s2 2p3 [Ne]3s2 3p3 [Ar]3d10 4s24p3 [Kr]4d10 5s25p3 [Xe]4f14 5d106s26p3

Melting point

Boiling point (°C)

– 210

-196

44.15

281

817

603(sublimes)

631

1587

271

1564

Density (g/cm3) at 25°C 1.15(g/L) 1.8 5.7 6.68 9.79

Atomic radius (pm) 56 98 114 133 143

First Ionization energy (kJ/mol) 1402 1012 947 834 703

Common Oxidation state(s) -3 to +5 +5, +3, -3 +5, +3 +5, +3 +3

Ionic radius (pm) 146(-3) 212(-3) 58(+3) 76(+3) 103(+3)

Electronegativity 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9

Grp 16:

Property Oxygen Sulfur Selenium Tellurium Polonium

atomic symbol O S Se Te Po

atomic number 8 16 34 52 84

atomic mass (amu) 16.00 32.07 78.96 127.60 209

valence electron configuration* 2s22p4 3s23p4 4s24p4 5s25p4 6s26p4

melting point/boiling point (°C) −219/−183 115/445 221/685 450/988 254/962

density (g/cm3) at 25°C 1.31

(g/L)

2.07 4.81 6.24 9.20

atomic radius (pm) 48 88 103 123 135

first ionization energy (kJ/mol) 1314 1000 941 869 812

normal oxidation state(s) −2 +6, +4, −2 +6, +4, −2 +6, +4, −2 +2 (+4)

ionic radius (pm)† 140 (−2) 184 (−2), 29 (+6) 198 (−2), 42 (+6) 221 (−2), 56 (+6) 230 (−2), 97 (+4)

electron affinity (kJ/mol) −141 −200 −195 −190 −180

electronegativity 3.4 2.6 2.6 2.1 2.0

standard reduction potential (E°, V) (E0 → H2E in acidic solution) +1.23 +0.14 −0.40 −0.79 −1.00

product of reaction with O2 — SO2 SeO2 TeO2 PoO2

type of oxide — acidic acidic amphoteric basic

product of reaction with N2 NO, NO2 none none none none

product of reaction with X2 O2F2 SF6, S2Cl2, S2Br2 SeF6, SeX4 TeF6, TeX4 PoF4, PoCl2, PoBr2

product of reaction with H2 H2O H2S H2Se none none

*The configuration shown does not include filled d and f subshells.

†The values cited for the hexacations are for six-coordinate ions and are only estimated values.

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