Question

What are the plant hormones ? Give four different types of plant hormons and state their funtions briefly?

Answer 1

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#1•What r plant hormones

Plant hormones also known as $\textbf{phytohormones}$ are signal molecules produced within plants that occur in extremely low concentrations. Unlike in animals each plant cell is capable of producing hormones.

#2•Name four plant hormones and their functions.

The four are Plant Hormones are $\textbf{Auxin, Cytokinin,}$ $\textbf{Gibberellin, Ethylene.}$

Here are the functions of plant hormones in short:-

$\textbf{Functions of Auxin}$ : Cell enlargement, apical dominance, prevention from bending; promote xylem differentiation, healing of wounds of plants.

$\textbf{Function of Cytokinin}$ : promote cell division, apical dominance, delay in senescenes ( aging ), phloem transport, accumulation of salts in cells, production of female flowers, increase resistance to extreme temperatures and diseases.

$\textbf{Functions of Gibberellin}$ : promote increase in fruit size, inter-nodal elongation, seed germination

$\textbf{Functions of Ethylene}$ : inhibit stem elongation; promote fruit ripening, increase girth of stem, speed of senescence, abscission of leaves.

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Answer 2

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➡Plant hormones are signal molecules produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of growth and development, from embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and through to reproductive development.

➡Auxin

➡Cytokinins

➡Gibberellins

➡Abscisic Acid

➡Ethylene

What are the different types of plant hormones?

Different types plant hormones are,

Auxins,cytokinins,gibberellins,abscisic acid,ethylene.

⏩The auxin indoleacetic acidAuxins are compounds that positively influence cell enlargement, bud formation and root initiation.

They also promote the production of other hormones and in conjunction with cytokinins, they control the growth of stems, roots, and fruits, and convert stems into flowers.

⏩Cytokinins or CKs are a group of chemicals that influence cell division and shoot formation. They were called kinins in the past when the first cytokinins were isolated from yeast cells.

⏩Ethylene is a gas that forms through the Yang Cycle from the breakdown of methionine, which is in all cells. Ethylene has very limited solubility in water and does not accumulate within the cell but diffuses out of the cell and escapes out of the plant.