Question

What are the raw materials used for manufacture of cement?

Answer 1

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The most common raw rock types used in cement production are: Limestone (supplies the bulk of the lime) Clay, marl or shale (supplies the bulk of the silica, alumina and ferric oxide) Other supplementary materials such as sand, fly ash/pulverised fuel ash (PFA), or ironstone to achieve the desired bulk composition.

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Answer 2

                           RAW MATERIAL

The raw material used for manufacturing of cement are :

• Lime stone : { CaCO₃ } It provides calcium oxide {CaO }. Cement containing excess of CaO cracks on setting. If CaO is less than required, cement is weak in strength.

• Clay : { Al₂O₃ . 2SiO₂ . 2H₂O } It provides alumina and silica {SiO₂}.

• Gypsum : {CaSO₄ . 2H₂O} It regulates sitting time of cement. Excess of Al₂O₃ makes the setting of cement quick while, when SiO₂ is present in excess, cement sets slowly.

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                               SETTING OF CEMENT

When cement is mixed with water, It becomes hard due to the formation of solid mass. This process is called setting. Hydration of cement is an exothermic process.