Question

What are the reasons behind French revolution

Answer 1

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French Revolution began in the year 1789 in France against the monarchy and in support of democracy. The main reasons behind the revolution were −

(1) The French government under Emperor Louise XVI was under huge debt in the 18th century.

(2) The government imposed heavy taxes on the French citizens to meet its expenditure.

(3) The King, the nobility and the clergy lived a lavish life whereas the common people of France lived in misery and were burdened with heavy taxation.

(4) The feudal system gave the big landlords the power to enjoy various privileges and exploit the poor peasants by extracting taxes and tributes from them.

(5) The clergy also collected separate taxes called Tithes from the people.

(6) The prices of essential commodities were very high due to increased demand and wages were low. This made survival difficult for the poor sections of the society.

(7) The growth of middle class and the ideas of philosophers like Rousseau and Voltaire on equality and freedom made the people aware of their rights.

Answer 2

1 Social Inequality in France due to the Estates System.
#2 Tax Burden on the Third Estate.
#3 The Rise of the Bourgeoisie.
#4 Ideas put forward by Enlightenment philosophers.
#5 Financial Crisis caused due to Costly Wars.