Question

What are the respiratory disorders caused by smoking? Explain?​ (6 marks)

Answer 1

Answer:

Lung diseases caused by smoking include COPD, which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Cigarette smoking causes most cases of lung cancer. If you have asthma, tobacco smoke can trigger an attack or make an attack worse. Smokers are 12 to 13 times more likely to die from COPD than nonsmokers.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The principal nonmalignant respiratory diseases caused by cigarette smoking—COPD, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma some times.

Explanation:

1. Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture — creating larger air spaces instead of many small ones (i.e. decrease the surface area of O2 absorption)
2. Chronic bronchitis is inflammation (swelling) and irritation of the bronchial tubes. These tubes are the airways that carry air to and from the air sacs in your lungs. The irritation of the tubes causes mucus to build up. The increased secretion of mucus and decreased diameter of bronchi and bronchioles results in downhill of the efficacy graph and hence the ability of absorbing O2 becomes difficult, thus causing irritation.
3. Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness of breath.
4. A cancer that begins in the lungs and most often occurs in people who smoke.  Two major types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Causes of lung cancer include smoking, second-hand smoke, exposure to certain toxins and family history.  Symptoms include a cough (often with blood), chest pain, wheezing and weight loss. These symptoms often don't appear until the cancer is advanced.  Treatments vary but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy.

     

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