What are the salient features of monera
Answers
Answer:
Characteristics of Monera
The following characteristics will help you get a better understanding of the kingdom of classification.
Monera are about 1 micrometer in size and complex as living molecules.
The Monera cell structure is mostly unicellular and some organisms orm groups or filaments.
These organisms are the simplest prokaryotic cell structures.
The cell structure lacks nuclei and many other cell organelles.
They have a cell wall made of polysaccharides with polypeptide cross links with a chemical called peptidoglycan.
They lack enclosed sub-cellular organelles like mitochondria and only have ribosomes.
The genetic material DNA is contained in the cytoplasm called nucleoid.
Many bacterial species contain rings of DNA called plasmids.
The cytoplasm is enclosed by plasma membrane that lies beneath the cell wall.
The plasma membrane is made up of lipids and proteins.
Some Monera have hair like pilli for adhesion or tail-like flagella for locomotion.
The source of nutrition for these organisms is usually photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
The characteristics also include the shape of the cell that includes round (cocci), rod-like (bacilli), or spiral (spirochetes or spirilla).
Reproduction is asexually through binary fission or sexually by conjugation. The process of circulation and digestion is carried out through diffusion.
The Monera kingdom includes all bacteria that may infect animals, humans, and plants. But most of the members are termed as beneficial bacteria, rather than pathogenic bacteria.
The Monera kill organisms causing pathogenic diseases, breaks down algae, and can even recycle chemical pollutants like hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
Bacteria that grow in the root nodules help break down atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen.
The bacteria that forms the natural flora of the intestines are very important for proper digestion.
One of their many characteristics also includes production of antibiotics likes streptomycin that is useful for treatment of infections.
Monera can be identified by their characteristic of cell wall that can be or not stained by Gram staining.
Most of the Moneora can survive harsh environment by producing spore coat.
Answer :
Monera -
- Bacterias are the only members of Monera.
- They are capable of of living in extreme conditions.
- There are hundreds of bacteria is present in a handful of soil.
- Many of the bacterias for organisms in Kingdom Monera are parasites.
- Based on the shape, they are classified classified into four categories : Coccus, Bacillus, Vibrium and Spirilium.
- The structure of bacteria is very simple.
- The behaviour of bacteria is complex and show metabolic diversity.
- Some of the bacterias are autotrophic.
- They are either photosynthetic autotrophic or chemosynthetic autotrophic.
- Majority are the heterotrophs.
- Monera includes two types of bacteria that are : Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.
- Archaebacteria are said to be primitive type of bacterias.
- Eubacterias are said to be true bacteria.
- Reproduction in bacteria is mainly by fission.
- In some unfavourable conditions, they produce spores.
- Sometimes, we can also reproduce in some type of sexual method by adopting a primitive type of DNA transfer from one bacterium to the other.
