Question

what are the similarities and differences between the constitution drafting process in India and Nepal​

Answer 1

Explanation:

The panchayati raj system is a unique experiment in Indian democracy. It aims at decentralisation of power to the grass root levels. ... Therefore, it enables the citizens of India to become a part of the political mainstream and have a say in government at the most basic level of administration.

Answer 2

The Constitution of Nepal had come into effect in the year in 2015, whereas Indian Constitution came into effect on January 26, 1950

Explanation:

The similarities between Nepal's Constitution and India's Constitution are

• Both nations establishes themselves as secular & federal democratic republic with "bicameral parliament". In Nepal there is unicameral parliamentary system in each state (in Nepal) and in India some states have bicameral while some others  have "unicameral parliamentary" system
• In both nations, the Executive rights are "vested in Council of Ministers" which is "headed by Prime Minister". The "President" is  the ceremonial head.
• The Constitution of both nation establishes press freedom , independent judiciary, competitive "multiparty democratic system" with "periodic elections".
• Both the Constitution enshrines fundamental rights, human rights, civic freedom, voting rights, full press freedom, and so on to all its citizens.

The differences between Nepal's Constitution and India's Constitution are

• As per Nepal's constitution all mother tongues spoken in Nepal are considered as the national language of Nepal, whereas as per the Indian Constitution there is no national language although Hindi is the official language as per Article 348
• As far as citizenship is concerned it is "single federal citizenship" with "federal identity", whereas there is no specific federal ID specified in the Indian Constitution
• Explicit mention of rights such women having equal property rights in ancestral properties, LGBT rights recognition in the Nepal Constitution, whereas in the Indian Constitution there is no such mention of such explicit rights though Article 14 mentions equality before law for all citizens
• As far as Judiciary is concerned there is independence Judiciary but with a "constitutional court" for 10 years, whereas in India there independent judiciary but no such "constitutional court"
• Secularism as per Nepal Constitution also includes cow  considered as a sacred animal and ban on religious conversion. No such mention in the Indian Constitution
• In Nepal, "first past the post election system" and "proportional election system" are used to elect members of the lower house, whereas in India elections to the lower house are only thorugh "first past the post system".