What are the similarities and differences of a republic to a monarchical state in renaissance Italy
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In Renaissance Italy, there were number of republics, for example: Republic of Pisa, Republic of Lucca, Republic of Florence, Republic of Genoa. Most of these were already established in the early Middle Ages.
Republic of Florence became a hereditary monarchy during the Renaissance times, namely in 1523.
The difference between republican and monarchical government in Florence is in the representatives of the governement.
Florence as a republic was governed by a council called the signoria, which consisted of nine men while their head was chosedn every two months in a lottery to avoid corruption of power. The names in the lottery had to be completely replaces every five years.
Republic gave way to monarchy when in 1533, Alessandro de'Medici was created Duke of Florence by his uncle Pope Clement VII. In this way, the Medici family was to remain in power without being challenged by the regular lottery