What are the similarities between magic numbers
and Nobel gases?
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Explanation:
The noble gases; helium, neon, argon, xenon and radon; are chemical inert; i.e., they are very stable chemically. The interpretation is that the electrons form shells and when a shell is filled the configuration is exceptionally stable and requires a lot of energy to knock an electron out of a filled shell. On the other hand, an electron in excess of a filled shell is very easy to remove from the atom. Thus the inertness of these elements is a consequence of the stability of the filled shells. The elements one electron beyond a filled shell are the highly reactive alkalai metals; lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, rubidium and francium. The elements with one electron less than a filled shell are the highly reactive halogens; flourine, chlorine, bromine and isodine. Hydrogen may also be consider a member of either one of these groups.
Magic Numbers
Maria Goeppert-Mayer and other physicists examining the properties of the isotopes of elements discerned that isotopes in which the proton and/or the neutron numbers were particular values have notable properties such as stability. These magic numbers are
Magic Numbers 2 8 20 28 50 82 126
It is profoundly significant that there are magic numbers for the proton and neutron numbers separately because that indicates that the protons and neutrons are organized in separate shells. In some respects a proton and a neutron appear to be simply different states of a basic particle called a neucleon. However there apparently is a distinct differentiation in the nucleus of the the proton and neutron nucleons
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