What are the stages in mitotic cell division??
Answers
Answer:
Mitosis is a process that takes place in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cells.
During the process which is made up of five stages, the mother cells divide to form two daughter cells and will have the same genetic composition because the DNA content of the parent cell gets duplicated during the S
1
phase of the interphase during the cell division.
Answer:
Explanation:
Mitosis: This cell division is also known as Somatic cell division in which two identical cells are produced. Although cell is divided but number of chromosomes remains the same and mitosis is a continuous process. Various phases like prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis occur and cell divides itself stage by stage.
Prophase: First stage of mitosis.
- In all animal cells and in some plants like fungi and some algae.
- The centriole duplicates itself and divides two new centrioles (centrosomes) move to opposite ends of the cell (poles).
- The spindle fibres or series of fibres radiates from vicinity of each centriole towards the nucleus.
- Except fungi and some algae the spindle fibres develop without the presence of centrioles.
- The chromosomes which are already duplicated become shorten and thicken.
- Chromatids are the duplicated halves of each chromosome which are held together by the centromere.
- The nucleus and the nuclear membrane begin to disintegrate in the late prophase.
Metaphase:
- The pairs of chromosomes align themselves in such a way that the centre of the cell and each centromere becomes attached to one spindle fibre from each pole.
- The centromere divides and the separated chromatids become independent daughter chromosomes.
Anaphase:
- Spindle Fibres begin to shorten.
- This exerts a force on the sister chromatids that pulls them apart.
- Spindle fibres continue to shorten, pulling chromatids to opposite poles.
- This ensures that each daughter cell gets identical sets of chromosomes.
Telophase:
- The chromosomes decondense.
- The nuclear envelope forms i.e nuclear membrane forms around each new group of chromosomes.
- Daughter chromosomes reach the poles.
- Spindle fibres totally disappear.
- After the division of nucleus, cytoplasm starts to divide.
- The original large cell becomes two smaller identical cells and each daughter cells take food, grows, being divided and the process continues.
- It maintains the continuity of metabolism by transmitting to the daughter cells.
- Plays significant role in wound healing, regeneration of damaged parts (like tail of lizard), the replacement of cells (the skin surface), and it may give rise to tumours or cancerous growth if uncontrolled process be occur.
*In mitosis it is also ensured that two daughter cells inherit the same number of chromosomes and hence have the same characteristics as the parent cell.